---

---

“The editors have organized a large panel of experts in the field of complex trauma who provide the many excellent chapters found in this unique and groundbreaking text. This text is unique in that it brings together various specialties dealing with complex PTSD, many of which may be unfamiliar to those trained purely within a cognitive behavioral model….This is an important book edited by individuals with significant accomplishment and familiarity with this very challenging field. The various chapter authors have done a commendable job in detailing their particular points of view and providing enlightening examples to emphasize and explain their way of thinking. The book is very well referenced and any reader interested in any of the various strategies presented will find it easy to further their interest and education by exploring the writings of the experts in any of these fields. This would make an excellent graduate-level text in psychiatry, psychology, or social work and should be seriously considered by any program offering child and adolescent psychotherapy. It should be especially considered in programs dealing with trauma and stress disorders.”

—Child and Family Behavior Therapy


“The text goes beyond specific trauma models, providing a unifying conceptualization of complex traumatic stress disorders, their development and presenting features, before directing the reader to specific clinical recommendations…I would thoroughly recommend this book.”

—Journal of Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy


“Describing evidence-based models for treatment of complex trauma in children, this book is interwoven with contemporary knowledge about psychobiology and is richly illustrated with extended clinical examples. In addition to a focus on individual treatment, some chapters address the systems within which traumatized children live and are treated. There is a repeated focus throughout the chapters on attachment, self-regulation, and engaging families in treatment. The book provides an excellent foundation for clinicians working with this population.”

—Laurie Anne Pearlman, PhD, past president, Trauma Research, Education, and Training Institute, Inc.


“This volume comprehensively examines complex trauma in children and adolescents, from its neurobiological impact to the development and dissemination of evidence-based treatments. Newer therapies currently being tested are also discussed; case examples illustrate the use of each modality. Clinical challenges related to self-regulation, dissociation, impaired caregiver attachment, and intergenerational trauma are addressed. Written with clarity and detail, each chapter will benefit both trainees and seasoned mental health and medical practitioners. This book fosters needed synergy between scientific inquiry and real-world clinical applications in this important field.”

—Alesia O. Hawkins, PhD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford


“I have used this book in both advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level courses. It provides an excellent overview of the neurobiological consequences of early and ongoing trauma, as well as best practices for assessment and intervention to help children and families. The blend of chapters on the consequences of trauma for early development with those on evidence-based treatments and practices specific to complex trauma is very helpful to students in training to enter a variety of clinical and behavioral health fields. This book has been an excellent companion reader in my trauma-focused intervention course.”

—Carla Smith Stover, PhD, Department of Mental Health Law and Policy, University of South Florida


“It's all here, including insights into neuroscience, family dynamics, assessment, and—most centrally—intervention. Clinicians and advanced students of psychiatry, psychology, and social work will consider this book a tremendous resource. Chapters on betrayal trauma, multitraumatized children, and treatment approaches are particularly useful for psychotherapists. The list of authors reads as a 'who's who' in the field. If you've ever wondered what to do to help a severely traumatized child, this book is for you.”

—Lisa Aronson Fontes, PhD, University Without Walls, University of Massachusetts Amherst

---

Table of Contents

I. Complex Trauma in Childhood and Adolescence

1. Relational Trauma, Brain Development, and Dissociation, Allan N. Schore

2. Childhood Trauma, Brain Connectivity, and the Self, Ruth A. Lanius, Robyn Bluhm, & Paul A. Frewen

3. Relational Trauma and Disorganized Attachment, Pamela C. Alexander

4. Betrayal Trauma, Laura A. Kaehler, Rebecca Babcock, Anne P. DePrince, & Jennifer J. Freyd

5. Cumulative Trauma in Childhood, Damion Grasso, Carolyn Greene, & Julian D. Ford

6. The Translational Evidence Base, Ruth R. DeRosa, Lisa Amaya-Jackson, & Christopher M. Layne

7. Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis, Julian D. Ford, Kathleen Nader, & Kenneth E. Fletcher

II. Individual Psychotherapy Models

8. Integrative Treatment of Complex Trauma, Cheryl Lanktree & John Briere

9. Dissociation-Focused Therapy, Sandra Wieland & Joyanna Silberg

10. Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Matthew Kliethermes, Rachel Wamser Nanney, Judith A. Cohen, & Anthony P. Mannarino

11. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, Debra Wesselmann & Francine Shapiro

12. Dialectical Behavior Therapy with Adolescents, Ruth R. DeRosa & Jill H. Rathus

III. Systemic Approaches to Treatment

13. The Neurosequential Model of Therapeutics, Bruce D. Perry & Christine L. Dobson

14. Developmental Trauma Therapy Models, Julian D. Ford, Margaret E. Blaustein, Mandy Habib, & Richard Kagan

15. The Sanctuary Model, Sandra L. Bloom

16. Child–Parent Psychotherapy and Historical Trauma, Amy Klatzkin, Alicia F. Lieberman, & Patricia Van Horn

17. Parent–Child Interaction Therapy, Anthony J. Urquiza & Susan Timmer

18. Trauma Systems Therapy, Carryl P. Navalta, Adam D. Brown, Amanda Nisewaner, B. Heidi Ellis, & Glenn N. Saxe

19. Conclusion, Julian D. Ford & Christine A. Courtois

Index

---

About the Editors

Julian D. Ford, PhD, ABPP, a clinical psychologist, is Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine, where he is Director of the Center for Trauma Recovery and Juvenile Justice and the Center for the Treatment of Developmental Trauma Disorders. He has served as President of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association, and is Associate Editor of the Journal of Trauma and Dissociation and European Journal of Psychotraumatology. Dr. Ford has published more than 250 articles and book chapters. He is coeditor of Treating Complex Traumatic Stress Disorders in Adults, Second Edition, and Treating Complex Traumatic Stress Disorders in Children and Adolescents, and coauthor of Treatment of Complex Trauma: A Sequenced, Relationship-Based Approach. His research focuses on developmental trauma disorder and the Trauma Affect Regulation: Guide for Education and Therapy (TARGET) therapeutic intervention.

• Author's website
• All titles by Julian D. Ford

Christine A. Courtois, PhD, ABPP, a board-certified counseling psychologist, is retired from private practice in Washington, DC, and is a consultant/trainer on topics on trauma psychology and treatment. She cofounded and then served for 16 years as Clinical and Training Director of The CENTER: Posttraumatic Disorders Program, in Washington, DC. Dr. Courtois was chair of the Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adults for the American Psychological Association (APA), released in 2017, and for guidelines on the treatment of complex trauma for several professional organizations. She has published a number of books (four of them coedited or coauthored with Julian Ford) and numerous book chapters and articles on trauma-related topics. Dr. Courtois is past president of APA Division 56 (Trauma Psychology) and past founding Associate Editor of the Division's journal, Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. She served two terms on the Board of Directors of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS). She has received the Award for Distinguished Contributions to Independent Practice from the APA, the Sarah Haley Award for Clinical Excellence from ISTSS, and, most recently, the Award for Distinguished Service and Contributions to the Profession of Psychology from the American Board of Professional Psychology.

• Author's website
• All titles by Christine A. Courtois

---

Contributors

Pamela C. Alexander, PhD, JBS International, North Bethesda, Maryland

Lisa Amaya-Jackson, MD, MPH, UCLA–Duke National Center for Child Traumatic Stress, Center for Child and Family Health, Duke EBP Implementation Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

Rebecca Babcock, MA, Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado

Margaret E. Blaustein, PhD, The Trauma Center at Justice Resource Institute, Brookline, Massachusetts

Sandra L. Bloom, MD, School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Sanctuary Institute, Andrus, Yonkers, New York

Robyn Bluhm, PhD, Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA

John Briere, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California

Adam D. Brown, PhD, NYU Child Study Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York, New York

Judith A. Cohen, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Christine A. Courtois, PhD, Courtois and Associates, PC, Washington, DC

Anne P. DePrince, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado

Ruth R. DeRosa, PhD,Cognitive Behavioral Associates, Great Neck, New York

Christine L. Dobson, PhD, The ChildTrauma Academy, Houston, Texas

B. Heidi Ellis, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts

Kenneth Fletcher, PhD, Behavioral Science Research Core, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts

Julian D. Ford, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut

Paul A. Frewen, PhD, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University ofWestern Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada

Jennifer Freyd, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon

Damion Grasso, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut

Carolyn Greene, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut

Mandy Habib, PsyD, Department of Psychiatry, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York

Laura A. Kaehler, MS, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon

Richard Kagan, PhD, HEROES Project and Psychological Services, Parsons Child and Family Center, Albany, New York

Amy Klatzkin, MA, Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California

Matthew Kliethermes, PhD, Children’s Advocacy Services of Greater St. Louis, Department of Psychology, University of Missouri–St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri

Ruth A. Lanius, MD, PhD, Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada

Cheryl Lanktree, PhD, private practice and professional training, Santa Monica, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California

Christopher M. Layne, PhD,UCLA–National Center for Child Traumatic Stress, Los Angeles, California

Alicia F. Lieberman, PhD, Child Trauma Research Program, Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California

Anthony P. Mannarino, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Kathleen Nader, PhD, private practice, Cedar Park, Texas

Carryl P. Navalta, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts

Amanda Nisewaner, MSW, Lincoln Child Center, Oakland, California

Bruce D. Perry, MD, PhD, The ChildTrauma Academy, Houston, Texas; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; The Berry Street Childhood Institute, Melbourne Australia

Jill H. Rathus, PhD, Department of Psychology, Long Island University, C. W. Post Campus, Brookville, New York

Glenn N. Saxe, MD, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, Eastbridge/Child Study Center, New York, New York

Allan N. Schore, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Northridge, California

Francine Shapiro, PhD, Mental Research Institute, Palo Alto, California

Joyanna Silberg, PhD, Sheppard Pratt Health System, Baltimore, Maryland

Susan Timmer, PhD, Mental Health Services and Clinical Research, CAARE Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Davis Children's Hospital, Sacramento, California

Anthony J. Urquiza, PhD, Mental Health Services and Clinical Research, CAARE Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Children's Hospital, Sacramento, California

Patricia Van Horn, PhD, Child Trauma Research Program, Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California

Rachel Wamser Nanney, MA, Children’s Advocacy Services of Greater St. Louis, Department of Psychology, University of Missouri–St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri

Debra Wesselmann, MS, The Attachment and Trauma Center of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska



Sandra Wieland, PhD, private practice, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

---

Audience

Clinicians and researchers in child and adolescent clinical psychology, psychiatry, social work, nursing, and counseling; graduate students and residents.

---

Course Use

May serve as a supplemental text in graduate-level courses.