————— 7/7/2012 4:20:28 PM ———————————————————— Welcome to Minitab, press F1 for help. Retrieving worksheet from file: 'C:\Model_selection\BACEdata.txt' Worksheet was saved on Wed May 02 2012 Results for: BACEdata.txt Regression Analysis: Growth versus Latitude, Distance, ... The regression equation is Growth = 0.160 - 0.000396 Latitude - 0.000001 Distance - 0.0002 Fractional + 0.00372 British + 0.0246 Buddhist + 0.0022 Catholic - 0.0054 Lib72 - 0.0042 Colony + 0.0419 Confuc + 0.000004 Density60 + 0.000004 Coastal + 0.000010 Interior - 0.094 Popgrowth + 0.0132 EAsian - 0.00248 Capitalism + 0.0083 EnglishLang + 0.0113 European - 0.0109 Fertility + 0.914 Defense - 0.00811 GDP60 + 0.968 PubEduc - 0.117 PubInvest - 0.0433 Nomshare - 0.929 Govshare + 0.896 Govcshare - 0.0825 HighEd + 0.0017 Religion + 0.0093 Hindu - 0.000127 InvestP - 0.0155 LatAm + 0.000000 Area - 0.00058 Landlocked + 0.000191 Hydrocarbon - 0.000222 Life60 - 0.0059 Navigate + 0.0093 Malaria + 0.0518 Mining + 0.0120 Muslim - 0.00119 Newstate + 0.0015 Oil + 0.0013 Open + 0.0030 Orthodox + 0.00712 SecLang + 0.0304 PrimeEd + 0.000146 Inflation + 0.000003 Inf2 - 0.00135 Polrights + 0.092 Young + 0.000000 Population + 0.185 Old - 0.0058 Exports + 0.0124 Protestant + 0.000018 Exchange - 0.0178 Revolution - 0.0090 Africa - 0.00103 Outward - 0.00328 Size60 - 0.0012 Socialist + 0.0127 Spanish - 0.003 Totg - 0.0054 Totr - 0.0144 Troparea - 0.0086 Troppop + 0.0030 Wartime - 0.00104 Warfare - 0.0041 Yearsopen - 0.0063 Tropzone 88 cases used, 51 cases contain missing values Predictor Coef SE Coef T P Constant 0.15987 0.08748 1.83 0.083 Latitude -0.0003960 0.0005556 -0.71 0.484 Distance -0.00000117 0.00000203 -0.57 0.572 Fractional -0.00016 0.01405 -0.01 0.991 British 0.003717 0.008331 0.45 0.660 Buddhist 0.02456 0.03261 0.75 0.460 Catholic 0.00222 0.02863 0.08 0.939 Lib72 -0.00537 0.01596 -0.34 0.740 Colony -0.00418 0.01408 -0.30 0.770 Confuc 0.04190 0.04641 0.90 0.377 Density60 0.00000445 0.00001872 0.24 0.815 Coastal 0.00000392 0.00001305 0.30 0.767 Interior 0.00001031 0.00003447 0.30 0.768 Popgrowth -0.0937 0.9735 -0.10 0.924 EAsian 0.01324 0.01949 0.68 0.505 Capitalism -0.002480 0.002398 -1.03 0.313 EnglishLang 0.00826 0.01335 0.62 0.543 European 0.01133 0.03792 0.30 0.768 Fertility -0.01088 0.02756 -0.39 0.697 Defense 0.9138 0.9095 1.00 0.327 GDP60 -0.008110 0.009169 -0.88 0.387 PubEduc 0.9684 0.9530 1.02 0.322 PubInvest -0.11692 0.07104 -1.65 0.115 Nomshare -0.04328 0.07400 -0.58 0.565 Govshare -0.9286 0.9282 -1.00 0.329 Govcshare 0.8962 0.9244 0.97 0.344 HighEd -0.08248 0.09165 -0.90 0.379 Religion 0.00170 0.01482 0.11 0.910 Hindu 0.00933 0.03450 0.27 0.790 InvestP -0.00012684 0.00005496 -2.31 0.032 LatAm -0.01545 0.03375 -0.46 0.652 Area 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.06 0.950 Landlocked -0.000576 0.009227 -0.06 0.951 Hydrocarbon 0.0001905 0.0007956 0.24 0.813 Life60 -0.0002224 0.0007225 -0.31 0.761 Navigate -0.00591 0.01691 -0.35 0.730 Malaria 0.00927 0.01400 0.66 0.515 Mining 0.05180 0.04915 1.05 0.304 Muslim 0.01196 0.01656 0.72 0.478 Newstate -0.001194 0.006059 -0.20 0.846 Oil 0.00152 0.01773 0.09 0.933 Open 0.00130 0.02064 0.06 0.951 Orthodox 0.00296 0.02329 0.13 0.900 SecLang 0.007118 0.009751 0.73 0.474 PrimeEd 0.03042 0.02059 1.48 0.155 Inflation 0.0001457 0.0005005 0.29 0.774 Inf2 0.00000305 0.00000701 0.44 0.668 Polrights -0.001348 0.003057 -0.44 0.664 Young 0.0923 0.1500 0.62 0.545 Population 0.00000004 0.00000008 0.56 0.581 Old 0.1852 0.2970 0.62 0.540 Exports -0.00576 0.01798 -0.32 0.752 Protestant 0.01236 0.03334 0.37 0.715 Exchange 0.00001821 0.00008640 0.21 0.835 Revolution -0.01782 0.01590 -1.12 0.276 Africa -0.00899 0.01636 -0.55 0.589 Outward -0.001026 0.006848 -0.15 0.882 Size60 -0.003282 0.005780 -0.57 0.576 Socialist -0.00115 0.01080 -0.11 0.916 Spanish 0.01272 0.01884 0.67 0.507 Totg -0.0028 0.1256 -0.02 0.982 Totr -0.00541 0.02723 -0.20 0.845 Troparea -0.01442 0.01943 -0.74 0.466 Troppop -0.00858 0.01902 -0.45 0.657 Wartime 0.00299 0.02446 0.12 0.904 Warfare -0.001041 0.006202 -0.17 0.868 Yearsopen -0.00409 0.01831 -0.22 0.826 Tropzone -0.00632 0.01232 -0.51 0.614 S = 0.0116706 R-Sq = 91.3% R-Sq(adj) = 62.4% Analysis of Variance Source DF SS MS F P Regression 67 0.0287535 0.0004292 3.15 0.003 Residual Error 20 0.0027241 0.0001362 Total 87 0.0314776 Source DF Seq SS Latitude 1 0.0047410 Distance 1 0.0008061 Fractional 1 0.0015999 British 1 0.0013946 Buddhist 1 0.0054340 Catholic 1 0.0000983 Lib72 1 0.0005025 Colony 1 0.0001536 Confuc 1 0.0029806 Density60 1 0.0001424 Coastal 1 0.0005462 Interior 1 0.0001211 Popgrowth 1 0.0000163 EAsian 1 0.0023477 Capitalism 1 0.0000425 EnglishLang 1 0.0000410 European 1 0.0000080 Fertility 1 0.0001919 Defense 1 0.0000064 GDP60 1 0.0000370 PubEduc 1 0.0001475 PubInvest 1 0.0000492 Nomshare 1 0.0005084 Govshare 1 0.0000521 Govcshare 1 0.0001387 HighEd 1 0.0004207 Religion 1 0.0000468 Hindu 1 0.0007474 InvestP 1 0.0015891 LatAm 1 0.0000005 Area 1 0.0000107 Landlocked 1 0.0001386 Hydrocarbon 1 0.0002609 Life60 1 0.0006008 Navigate 1 0.0000328 Malaria 1 0.0000775 Mining 1 0.0005243 Muslim 1 0.0001151 Newstate 1 0.0000166 Oil 1 0.0000003 Open 1 0.0000658 Orthodox 1 0.0000611 SecLang 1 0.0002800 PrimeEd 1 0.0004907 Inflation 1 0.0000267 Inf2 1 0.0000011 Polrights 1 0.0000478 Young 1 0.0000503 Population 1 0.0000072 Old 1 0.0003020 Exports 1 0.0000402 Protestant 1 0.0000146 Exchange 1 0.0001691 Revolution 1 0.0000803 Africa 1 0.0000193 Outward 1 0.0000683 Size60 1 0.0000550 Socialist 1 0.0000006 Spanish 1 0.0000099 Totg 1 0.0000015 Totr 1 0.0000742 Troparea 1 0.0001462 Troppop 1 0.0000094 Wartime 1 0.0000030 Warfare 1 0.0000009 Yearsopen 1 0.0000038 Tropzone 1 0.0000358 Unusual Observations Obs Latitude Growth Fit SE Fit Residual St Resid 6 3.4 0.00460 -0.00523 0.01070 0.00983 2.11R 45 0.6 -0.03180 -0.02338 0.01103 -0.00842 -2.21R 53 18.6 0.02550 0.01251 0.01063 0.01299 2.69R 57 18.9 -0.00870 0.00388 0.00990 -0.01258 -2.04R 77 34.8 0.01220 0.01992 0.01114 -0.00772 -2.21R 91 31.6 0.01400 0.02421 0.01064 -0.01021 -2.13R R denotes an observation with a large standardized residual. * NOTE * Command canceled. Results for: BACEdata.MTW Stepwise Regression: Growth versus Latitude, Distance, ... Alpha-to-Enter: 0.05 Alpha-to-Remove: 0.05 Response is Growth on 67 predictors, with N = 88 N(cases with missing observations) = 51 N(all cases) = 139 Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Constant 0.02754 0.02453 0.02499 0.02789 0.03392 0.02044 Fractional -0.0269 -0.0291 -0.0121 -0.0120 -0.0125 -0.0083 T-Value -4.37 -5.97 -2.08 -2.16 -2.34 -1.56 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.040 0.034 0.022 0.123 EAsian 0.0334 0.0318 0.0297 0.0275 0.0252 T-Value 7.25 7.61 7.30 6.91 6.45 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Malaria -0.0182 -0.0210 -0.0177 -0.0137 T-Value -4.50 -5.24 -4.41 -3.33 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 Spanish -0.0103 -0.0111 -0.0115 T-Value -2.88 -3.24 -3.47 P-Value 0.005 0.002 0.001 InvestP -0.00007 -0.00007 T-Value -2.84 -2.86 P-Value 0.006 0.005 PrimeEd 0.0149 T-Value 2.79 P-Value 0.007 S 0.0173 0.0137 0.0124 0.0119 0.0114 0.0109 R-Sq 18.15 49.43 59.25 62.96 66.28 69.23 R-Sq(adj) 17.20 48.24 57.79 61.17 64.22 66.95 Mallows Cp 105.2 34.9 14.2 7.6 1.9 -2.9 Step 7 8 9 10 11 12 Constant 0.06608 0.06675 0.07371 0.07157 0.07220 0.09738 Fractional -0.0104 -0.0104 -0.0094 -0.0116 -0.0103 -0.0096 T-Value -2.06 -2.10 -1.95 -2.46 -2.22 -2.13 P-Value 0.042 0.039 0.055 0.016 0.029 0.037 EAsian 0.0216 0.0175 0.0187 0.0192 0.0202 0.0197 T-Value 5.66 4.20 4.56 4.62 4.97 4.93 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Malaria -0.0169 -0.0158 -0.0087 T-Value -4.27 -4.02 -1.77 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.081 Spanish -0.0130 -0.0126 -0.0075 -0.0042 T-Value -4.16 -4.09 -2.01 -1.28 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.047 0.204 InvestP -0.00008 -0.00008 -0.00009 -0.00009 -0.00009 -0.00008 T-Value -3.48 -3.74 -3.92 -4.31 -4.13 -3.73 P-Value 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PrimeEd 0.0265 0.0269 0.0274 0.0289 0.0277 0.0268 T-Value 4.41 4.58 4.79 5.03 4.87 4.80 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 GDP60 -0.0069 -0.0071 -0.0079 -0.0077 -0.0078 -0.0104 T-Value -3.49 -3.66 -4.12 -3.98 -4.01 -4.59 P-Value 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Coastal 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 2.17 2.85 3.51 3.67 3.89 P-Value 0.033 0.006 0.001 0.000 0.000 Troparea -0.0090 -0.0135 -0.0152 -0.0151 T-Value -2.27 -4.31 -5.29 -5.38 P-Value 0.026 0.000 0.000 0.000 Polrights -0.00178 T-Value -2.11 P-Value 0.038 S 0.0103 0.0100 0.00977 0.00990 0.00994 0.00973 R-Sq 73.30 74.80 76.36 75.42 74.91 76.24 R-Sq(adj) 70.96 72.25 73.64 72.93 72.71 73.84 Mallows Cp -10.3 -11.8 -13.4 -13.2 -14.0 -15.1 Step 13 14 Constant 0.10142 0.09996 Fractional -0.0101 -0.0114 T-Value -2.27 -2.59 P-Value 0.026 0.012 EAsian 0.0197 0.0197 T-Value 5.04 5.14 P-Value 0.000 0.000 Malaria T-Value P-Value Spanish T-Value P-Value InvestP -0.00008 -0.00007 T-Value -3.70 -3.50 P-Value 0.000 0.001 PrimeEd 0.0249 0.0250 T-Value 4.49 4.60 P-Value 0.000 0.000 GDP60 -0.0091 -0.0091 T-Value -4.00 -4.07 P-Value 0.000 0.000 Coastal 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 4.14 4.45 P-Value 0.000 0.000 Troparea -0.0142 -0.0149 T-Value -5.13 -5.45 P-Value 0.000 0.000 Polrights -0.0033 -0.0033 T-Value -3.07 -3.10 P-Value 0.003 0.003 Lib72 -0.0128 -0.0128 T-Value -2.19 -2.25 P-Value 0.031 0.028 Mining 0.028 T-Value 2.04 P-Value 0.045 S 0.00950 0.00932 R-Sq 77.62 78.77 R-Sq(adj) 75.04 76.02 Mallows Cp -16.3 -16.9 Stepwise Regression: Growth versus Latitude, Distance, ... Alpha-to-Enter: 0.1 Alpha-to-Remove: 0.1 Response is Growth on 67 predictors, with N = 88 N(cases with missing observations) = 51 N(all cases) = 139 Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Constant 0.02754 0.02453 0.02499 0.02789 0.03392 0.02044 Fractional -0.0269 -0.0291 -0.0121 -0.0120 -0.0125 -0.0083 T-Value -4.37 -5.97 -2.08 -2.16 -2.34 -1.56 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.040 0.034 0.022 0.123 EAsian 0.0334 0.0318 0.0297 0.0275 0.0252 T-Value 7.25 7.61 7.30 6.91 6.45 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Malaria -0.0182 -0.0210 -0.0177 -0.0137 T-Value -4.50 -5.24 -4.41 -3.33 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 Spanish -0.0103 -0.0111 -0.0115 T-Value -2.88 -3.24 -3.47 P-Value 0.005 0.002 0.001 InvestP -0.00007 -0.00007 T-Value -2.84 -2.86 P-Value 0.006 0.005 PrimeEd 0.0149 T-Value 2.79 P-Value 0.007 S 0.0173 0.0137 0.0124 0.0119 0.0114 0.0109 R-Sq 18.15 49.43 59.25 62.96 66.28 69.23 R-Sq(adj) 17.20 48.24 57.79 61.17 64.22 66.95 Mallows Cp 105.2 34.9 14.2 7.6 1.9 -2.9 Step 7 8 9 10 11 Constant 0.06608 0.06675 0.07371 0.07297 0.07536 Fractional -0.0104 -0.0104 -0.0094 -0.0103 -0.0090 T-Value -2.06 -2.10 -1.95 -2.17 -1.95 P-Value 0.042 0.039 0.055 0.033 0.055 EAsian 0.0216 0.0175 0.0187 0.0188 0.0185 T-Value 5.66 4.20 4.56 4.68 4.75 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Malaria -0.0169 -0.0158 -0.0087 -0.0095 -0.0100 T-Value -4.27 -4.02 -1.77 -1.96 -2.13 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.081 0.053 0.036 Spanish -0.0130 -0.0126 -0.0075 -0.0072 -0.0083 T-Value -4.16 -4.09 -2.01 -1.97 -2.33 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.047 0.052 0.023 InvestP -0.00008 -0.00008 -0.00009 -0.00008 -0.00009 T-Value -3.48 -3.74 -3.92 -3.64 -4.20 P-Value 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PrimeEd 0.0265 0.0269 0.0274 0.0273 0.0282 T-Value 4.41 4.58 4.79 4.85 5.16 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 GDP60 -0.0069 -0.0071 -0.0079 -0.0080 -0.0078 T-Value -3.49 -3.66 -4.12 -4.23 -4.26 P-Value 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Coastal 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 2.17 2.85 3.11 3.12 P-Value 0.033 0.006 0.003 0.003 Troparea -0.0090 -0.0096 -0.0102 T-Value -2.27 -2.46 -2.69 P-Value 0.026 0.016 0.009 Mining 0.029 0.047 T-Value 2.06 3.02 P-Value 0.043 0.003 PubInvest -0.076 T-Value -2.41 P-Value 0.018 S 0.0103 0.0100 0.00977 0.00957 0.00928 R-Sq 73.30 74.80 76.36 77.60 79.19 R-Sq(adj) 70.96 72.25 73.64 74.69 76.18 Mallows Cp -10.3 -11.8 -13.4 -14.2 -15.9 Stepwise Regression: Growth versus Latitude, Distance, ... Alpha-to-Enter: 0.15 Alpha-to-Remove: 0.15 Response is Growth on 67 predictors, with N = 88 N(cases with missing observations) = 51 N(all cases) = 139 Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Constant 0.02754 0.02453 0.02499 0.02789 0.03392 0.02044 Fractional -0.0269 -0.0291 -0.0121 -0.0120 -0.0125 -0.0083 T-Value -4.37 -5.97 -2.08 -2.16 -2.34 -1.56 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.040 0.034 0.022 0.123 EAsian 0.0334 0.0318 0.0297 0.0275 0.0252 T-Value 7.25 7.61 7.30 6.91 6.45 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Malaria -0.0182 -0.0210 -0.0177 -0.0137 T-Value -4.50 -5.24 -4.41 -3.33 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 Spanish -0.0103 -0.0111 -0.0115 T-Value -2.88 -3.24 -3.47 P-Value 0.005 0.002 0.001 InvestP -0.00007 -0.00007 T-Value -2.84 -2.86 P-Value 0.006 0.005 PrimeEd 0.0149 T-Value 2.79 P-Value 0.007 S 0.0173 0.0137 0.0124 0.0119 0.0114 0.0109 R-Sq 18.15 49.43 59.25 62.96 66.28 69.23 R-Sq(adj) 17.20 48.24 57.79 61.17 64.22 66.95 Mallows Cp 105.2 34.9 14.2 7.6 1.9 -2.9 Step 7 8 9 10 11 12 Constant 0.06608 0.06675 0.07371 0.07297 0.07536 0.07400 Fractional -0.0104 -0.0104 -0.0094 -0.0103 -0.0090 -0.0082 T-Value -2.06 -2.10 -1.95 -2.17 -1.95 -1.78 P-Value 0.042 0.039 0.055 0.033 0.055 0.080 EAsian 0.0216 0.0175 0.0187 0.0188 0.0185 0.0147 T-Value 5.66 4.20 4.56 4.68 4.75 3.28 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 Malaria -0.0169 -0.0158 -0.0087 -0.0095 -0.0100 -0.0091 T-Value -4.27 -4.02 -1.77 -1.96 -2.13 -1.95 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.081 0.053 0.036 0.055 Spanish -0.0130 -0.0126 -0.0075 -0.0072 -0.0083 -0.0075 T-Value -4.16 -4.09 -2.01 -1.97 -2.33 -2.10 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.047 0.052 0.023 0.039 InvestP -0.00008 -0.00008 -0.00009 -0.00008 -0.00009 -0.00009 T-Value -3.48 -3.74 -3.92 -3.64 -4.20 -4.35 P-Value 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PrimeEd 0.0265 0.0269 0.0274 0.0273 0.0282 0.0274 T-Value 4.41 4.58 4.79 4.85 5.16 5.05 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 GDP60 -0.0069 -0.0071 -0.0079 -0.0080 -0.0078 -0.0075 T-Value -3.49 -3.66 -4.12 -4.23 -4.26 -4.15 P-Value 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Coastal 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 2.17 2.85 3.11 3.12 3.16 P-Value 0.033 0.006 0.003 0.003 0.002 Troparea -0.0090 -0.0096 -0.0102 -0.0112 T-Value -2.27 -2.46 -2.69 -2.94 P-Value 0.026 0.016 0.009 0.004 Mining 0.029 0.047 0.051 T-Value 2.06 3.02 3.26 P-Value 0.043 0.003 0.002 PubInvest -0.076 -0.080 T-Value -2.41 -2.57 P-Value 0.018 0.012 Buddhist 0.0130 T-Value 1.66 P-Value 0.101 S 0.0103 0.0100 0.00977 0.00957 0.00928 0.00918 R-Sq 73.30 74.80 76.36 77.60 79.19 79.93 R-Sq(adj) 70.96 72.25 73.64 74.69 76.18 76.71 Mallows Cp -10.3 -11.8 -13.4 -14.2 -15.9 -15.6 Step 13 14 15 16 17 Constant 0.06966 0.06788 0.06206 0.07168 0.06871 Fractional -0.0055 -0.0036 -0.0020 -0.0027 -0.0002 T-Value -1.12 -0.73 -0.41 -0.54 -0.04 P-Value 0.265 0.467 0.685 0.589 0.967 EAsian 0.0142 0.0148 0.0110 0.0084 0.0089 T-Value 3.20 3.35 2.24 1.69 1.80 P-Value 0.002 0.001 0.028 0.096 0.076 Malaria -0.0082 -0.0078 -0.0079 -0.0074 -0.0082 T-Value -1.76 -1.69 -1.72 -1.65 -1.86 P-Value 0.082 0.095 0.090 0.103 0.068 Spanish -0.0098 -0.0096 -0.0100 -0.0103 -0.0111 T-Value -2.56 -2.53 -2.68 -2.79 -3.05 P-Value 0.012 0.014 0.009 0.007 0.003 InvestP -0.00010 -0.00010 -0.00010 -0.00010 -0.00010 T-Value -4.55 -4.52 -4.65 -5.02 -4.75 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 PrimeEd 0.0276 0.0214 0.0209 0.0200 0.0205 T-Value 5.14 3.34 3.29 3.21 3.33 P-Value 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.001 GDP60 -0.0072 -0.0096 -0.0089 -0.0106 -0.0103 T-Value -3.98 -4.21 -3.85 -4.38 -4.31 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Coastal 0.00001 0.00001 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 2.70 2.23 1.58 1.84 1.88 P-Value 0.009 0.029 0.119 0.070 0.064 Troparea -0.0112 -0.0099 -0.0090 -0.0084 -0.0078 T-Value -2.95 -2.60 -2.37 -2.24 -2.11 P-Value 0.004 0.011 0.020 0.028 0.038 Mining 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.052 0.056 T-Value 3.30 3.54 3.69 3.42 3.68 P-Value 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 PubInvest -0.087 -0.082 -0.086 -0.090 -0.087 T-Value -2.78 -2.65 -2.81 -2.98 -2.91 P-Value 0.007 0.010 0.006 0.004 0.005 Buddhist 0.0150 0.0131 0.0161 0.0176 0.0187 T-Value 1.91 1.68 2.03 2.25 2.42 P-Value 0.061 0.097 0.047 0.027 0.018 SecLang 0.0051 0.0064 0.0068 0.0068 0.0072 T-Value 1.59 1.95 2.11 2.13 2.29 P-Value 0.116 0.055 0.038 0.037 0.025 Life60 0.00041 0.00041 0.00049 0.00049 T-Value 1.71 1.72 2.09 2.13 P-Value 0.092 0.090 0.041 0.037 Confuc 0.027 0.034 0.038 T-Value 1.63 2.05 2.33 P-Value 0.108 0.044 0.023 Hydrocarbon 0.00053 0.00050 T-Value 1.98 1.91 P-Value 0.052 0.061 Outward -0.0039 T-Value -1.78 P-Value 0.079 S 0.00909 0.00897 0.00887 0.00870 0.00857 R-Sq 80.59 81.33 81.99 82.93 83.68 R-Sq(adj) 77.18 77.75 78.24 79.09 79.71 Mallows Cp -15.1 -14.9 -14.4 -14.6 -14.3 Stepwise Regression: Growth versus Latitude, Distance, ... Alpha-to-Enter: 0.05 Alpha-to-Remove: 0.05 Response is Growth on 67 predictors, with N = 88 N(cases with missing observations) = 51 N(all cases) = 139 Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Constant 0.1599 0.1597 0.1595 0.1616 0.1597 0.1592 Latitude -0.00040 -0.00040 -0.00041 -0.00041 -0.00039 -0.00037 T-Value -0.71 -0.74 -0.81 -0.83 -0.91 -0.96 P-Value 0.484 0.468 0.428 0.418 0.371 0.347 Distance -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 T-Value -0.57 -0.62 -0.64 -0.66 -0.67 -0.69 P-Value 0.572 0.545 0.526 0.517 0.509 0.500 Fractional -0.000 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 -0.000 -0.000 T-Value -0.01 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.04 P-Value 0.991 0.984 0.995 0.995 0.995 0.970 British 0.0037 0.0038 0.0036 0.0037 0.0037 0.0036 T-Value 0.45 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.56 0.56 P-Value 0.660 0.626 0.615 0.602 0.584 0.580 Buddhist 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.026 0.025 0.025 T-Value 0.75 0.77 0.91 0.94 0.96 1.00 P-Value 0.460 0.449 0.373 0.357 0.346 0.326 Catholic 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 T-Value 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.08 P-Value 0.939 0.936 0.930 0.934 Lib72 -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 -0.006 T-Value -0.34 -0.35 -0.35 -0.37 -0.38 -0.43 P-Value 0.740 0.732 0.729 0.713 0.708 0.670 Colony -0.0042 -0.0043 -0.0042 -0.0047 -0.0048 -0.0047 T-Value -0.30 -0.34 -0.34 -0.46 -0.49 -0.49 P-Value 0.770 0.740 0.738 0.649 0.629 0.627 Confuc 0.042 0.042 0.043 0.041 0.040 0.039 T-Value 0.90 0.93 1.00 1.13 1.29 1.31 P-Value 0.377 0.363 0.326 0.272 0.211 0.203 Density60 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.28 0.27 P-Value 0.815 0.809 0.807 0.806 0.783 0.790 Coastal 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.30 0.31 0.33 0.70 0.72 0.73 P-Value 0.767 0.762 0.746 0.488 0.476 0.469 Interior 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 0.30 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 P-Value 0.768 0.741 0.733 0.731 0.731 0.729 Popgrowth -0.09 -0.10 -0.10 -0.10 -0.07 T-Value -0.10 -0.10 -0.11 -0.11 -0.09 P-Value 0.924 0.921 0.917 0.911 0.930 EAsian 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.014 0.014 0.014 T-Value 0.68 0.73 0.74 0.80 0.84 0.90 P-Value 0.505 0.474 0.465 0.433 0.410 0.378 Capitalism -0.0025 -0.0025 -0.0025 -0.0025 -0.0025 -0.0024 T-Value -1.03 -1.08 -1.12 -1.20 -1.23 -1.31 P-Value 0.313 0.293 0.275 0.242 0.232 0.204 EnglishLang 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 T-Value 0.62 0.66 0.69 0.71 0.73 0.75 P-Value 0.543 0.518 0.499 0.487 0.475 0.461 European 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.015 T-Value 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.35 0.58 0.63 P-Value 0.768 0.763 0.753 0.729 0.566 0.533 Fertility -0.011 -0.011 -0.011 -0.010 -0.010 -0.011 T-Value -0.39 -0.41 -0.42 -0.43 -0.43 -0.49 P-Value 0.697 0.688 0.681 0.674 0.674 0.627 Defense 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.89 0.86 T-Value 1.00 1.03 1.06 1.08 1.14 1.24 P-Value 0.327 0.315 0.302 0.290 0.268 0.227 GDP60 -0.0081 -0.0080 -0.0080 -0.0079 -0.0079 -0.0080 T-Value -0.88 -1.01 -1.03 -1.08 -1.10 -1.14 P-Value 0.387 0.324 0.312 0.293 0.280 0.265 PubEduc 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.98 0.96 0.95 T-Value 1.02 1.05 1.08 1.15 1.19 1.23 P-Value 0.322 0.307 0.294 0.261 0.246 0.230 PubInvest -0.117 -0.117 -0.118 -0.117 -0.115 -0.115 T-Value -1.65 -1.69 -1.81 -1.94 -2.03 -2.07 P-Value 0.115 0.105 0.083 0.065 0.053 0.049 Nomshare -0.043 -0.044 -0.043 -0.043 -0.044 -0.043 T-Value -0.58 -0.65 -0.66 -0.67 -0.71 -0.72 P-Value 0.565 0.526 0.517 0.508 0.485 0.479 Govshare -0.93 -0.93 -0.93 -0.93 -0.91 -0.88 T-Value -1.00 -1.03 -1.05 -1.08 -1.13 -1.22 P-Value 0.329 0.316 0.305 0.293 0.270 0.234 Govcshare 0.90 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.87 0.84 T-Value 0.97 0.99 1.02 1.04 1.09 1.18 P-Value 0.344 0.331 0.320 0.308 0.286 0.249 HighEd -0.082 -0.083 -0.084 -0.084 -0.083 -0.084 T-Value -0.90 -0.93 -1.01 -1.03 -1.05 -1.10 P-Value 0.379 0.365 0.325 0.315 0.305 0.284 Religion 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 T-Value 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 P-Value 0.910 0.904 0.893 0.895 0.900 0.898 Hindu 0.009 0.009 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 T-Value 0.27 0.28 0.32 0.37 0.37 0.40 P-Value 0.790 0.780 0.753 0.712 0.713 0.693 InvestP -0.00013 -0.00013 -0.00013 -0.00013 -0.00013 -0.00013 T-Value -2.31 -2.39 -2.56 -2.77 -3.09 -3.22 P-Value 0.032 0.026 0.018 0.011 0.005 0.003 LatAm -0.015 -0.016 -0.016 -0.015 -0.013 -0.013 T-Value -0.46 -0.48 -0.51 -0.52 -0.71 -0.76 P-Value 0.652 0.633 0.618 0.611 0.483 0.452 Area 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.13 0.15 0.15 P-Value 0.950 0.943 0.931 0.895 0.885 0.879 Landlocked -0.0006 -0.0006 T-Value -0.06 -0.06 P-Value 0.951 0.950 Hydrocarbon 0.00019 0.00019 0.00020 0.00021 0.00021 0.00022 T-Value 0.24 0.24 0.28 0.31 0.32 0.34 P-Value 0.813 0.809 0.782 0.762 0.754 0.736 Life60 -0.00022 -0.00022 -0.00023 -0.00024 -0.00024 -0.00023 T-Value -0.31 -0.32 -0.35 -0.38 -0.38 -0.39 P-Value 0.761 0.750 0.728 0.707 0.704 0.703 Navigate -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 T-Value -0.35 -0.36 -0.36 -0.39 -0.39 -0.39 P-Value 0.730 0.724 0.722 0.704 0.697 0.697 Malaria 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 T-Value 0.66 0.68 0.73 0.74 0.79 0.84 P-Value 0.515 0.504 0.476 0.467 0.438 0.411 Mining 0.052 0.052 0.052 0.053 0.053 0.054 T-Value 1.05 1.08 1.12 1.17 1.20 1.29 P-Value 0.304 0.292 0.276 0.253 0.242 0.208 Muslim 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 T-Value 0.72 0.74 0.78 0.81 0.86 0.87 P-Value 0.478 0.467 0.441 0.426 0.399 0.391 Newstate -0.0012 -0.0012 -0.0012 -0.0010 -0.0010 -0.0009 T-Value -0.20 -0.20 -0.20 -0.20 -0.19 -0.18 P-Value 0.846 0.843 0.842 0.847 0.851 0.860 Oil 0.0015 0.0012 0.0010 0.0011 0.0009 0.0006 T-Value 0.09 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.06 P-Value 0.933 0.915 0.923 0.918 0.927 0.950 Open 0.001 0.001 0.001 T-Value 0.06 0.06 0.06 P-Value 0.951 0.949 0.950 Orthodox 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.002 T-Value 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.12 P-Value 0.900 0.897 0.890 0.896 0.901 0.904 SecLang 0.0071 0.0070 0.0070 0.0071 0.0071 0.0072 T-Value 0.73 0.78 0.80 0.84 0.85 0.88 P-Value 0.474 0.443 0.433 0.411 0.403 0.385 PrimeEd 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.031 0.031 0.031 T-Value 1.48 1.55 1.61 1.80 1.85 2.00 P-Value 0.155 0.136 0.122 0.085 0.077 0.057 Inflation 0.00015 0.00015 0.00015 0.00014 0.00014 0.00015 T-Value 0.29 0.30 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.36 P-Value 0.774 0.767 0.752 0.751 0.751 0.721 Inf2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.47 0.48 0.49 P-Value 0.668 0.660 0.655 0.639 0.636 0.627 Polrights -0.0013 -0.0013 -0.0014 -0.0014 -0.0013 -0.0013 T-Value -0.44 -0.45 -0.47 -0.48 -0.49 -0.49 P-Value 0.664 0.656 0.644 0.634 0.631 0.628 Young 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 T-Value 0.62 0.64 0.67 0.69 0.70 0.73 P-Value 0.545 0.526 0.510 0.500 0.489 0.470 Population 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.56 0.63 0.65 0.67 0.68 0.69 P-Value 0.581 0.534 0.525 0.512 0.505 0.497 Old 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 T-Value 0.62 0.66 0.69 0.73 0.74 0.77 P-Value 0.540 0.514 0.496 0.474 0.466 0.447 Exports -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.007 T-Value -0.32 -0.33 -0.34 -0.41 -0.42 -0.45 P-Value 0.752 0.746 0.734 0.688 0.677 0.660 Protestant 0.012 0.012 0.013 0.013 0.010 0.010 T-Value 0.37 0.38 0.41 0.42 0.94 0.96 P-Value 0.715 0.708 0.683 0.679 0.357 0.347 Exchange 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 T-Value 0.21 0.22 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.23 P-Value 0.835 0.832 0.816 0.815 0.822 0.823 Revolution -0.018 -0.018 -0.018 -0.018 -0.017 -0.017 T-Value -1.12 -1.18 -1.21 -1.25 -1.40 -1.44 P-Value 0.276 0.252 0.240 0.225 0.175 0.162 Africa -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 -0.008 -0.008 T-Value -0.55 -0.58 -0.59 -0.61 -0.62 -0.63 P-Value 0.589 0.570 0.560 0.548 0.543 0.537 Outward -0.0010 -0.0010 -0.0009 -0.0008 -0.0009 -0.0008 T-Value -0.15 -0.15 -0.14 -0.13 -0.16 -0.16 P-Value 0.882 0.880 0.887 0.895 0.873 0.877 Size60 -0.0033 -0.0033 -0.0033 -0.0035 -0.0035 -0.0034 T-Value -0.57 -0.61 -0.62 -0.89 -0.91 -0.93 P-Value 0.576 0.550 0.540 0.382 0.370 0.362 Socialist -0.0012 -0.0011 -0.0011 -0.0014 -0.0014 -0.0013 T-Value -0.11 -0.11 -0.11 -0.15 -0.16 -0.15 P-Value 0.916 0.916 0.913 0.879 0.875 0.882 Spanish 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 T-Value 0.67 0.75 0.84 0.88 0.90 0.94 P-Value 0.507 0.462 0.408 0.390 0.378 0.355 Totg -0.00 T-Value -0.02 P-Value 0.982 Totr -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 -0.004 -0.004 -0.004 T-Value -0.20 -0.20 -0.20 -0.19 -0.18 -0.19 P-Value 0.845 0.842 0.846 0.850 0.855 0.852 Troparea -0.014 -0.014 -0.014 -0.015 -0.014 -0.014 T-Value -0.74 -0.77 -0.80 -0.83 -0.86 -0.88 P-Value 0.466 0.452 0.435 0.416 0.397 0.386 Troppop -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 T-Value -0.45 -0.47 -0.57 -0.59 -0.60 -0.61 P-Value 0.657 0.646 0.574 0.562 0.555 0.551 Wartime 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.005 T-Value 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.26 P-Value 0.904 0.896 0.896 0.876 0.840 0.795 Warfare -0.0010 -0.0010 -0.0009 -0.0009 -0.0010 -0.0010 T-Value -0.17 -0.17 -0.16 -0.16 -0.18 -0.19 P-Value 0.868 0.865 0.871 0.873 0.859 0.851 Yearsopen -0.004 -0.004 -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 T-Value -0.22 -0.24 -0.28 -0.29 -0.31 -0.33 P-Value 0.826 0.815 0.785 0.774 0.759 0.747 Tropzone -0.0063 -0.0064 -0.0064 -0.0062 -0.0060 -0.0057 T-Value -0.51 -0.56 -0.57 -0.59 -0.60 -0.62 P-Value 0.614 0.580 0.573 0.564 0.557 0.543 S 0.0117 0.0114 0.0111 0.0109 0.0107 0.0104 R-Sq 91.35 91.35 91.34 91.34 91.34 91.34 R-Sq(adj) 62.36 64.15 65.77 67.25 68.61 69.85 Mallows Cp 68.0 66.0 64.0 62.0 60.0 58.0 Step 7 8 9 10 11 12 Constant 0.1597 0.1609 0.1605 0.1602 0.1604 0.1604 Latitude -0.00038 -0.00038 -0.00039 -0.00040 -0.00039 -0.00039 T-Value -0.99 -1.03 -1.13 -1.17 -1.18 -1.20 P-Value 0.332 0.312 0.270 0.253 0.247 0.241 Distance -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 T-Value -0.70 -0.74 -0.80 -0.83 -0.84 -0.87 P-Value 0.487 0.464 0.429 0.413 0.410 0.390 Fractional -0.0004 -0.0007 -0.0009 -0.0008 -0.0006 -0.0006 T-Value -0.04 -0.08 -0.09 -0.09 -0.06 -0.06 P-Value 0.967 0.941 0.928 0.933 0.951 0.950 British 0.0036 0.0036 0.0035 0.0035 0.0033 0.0034 T-Value 0.57 0.58 0.58 0.59 0.59 0.60 P-Value 0.572 0.565 0.566 0.560 0.563 0.555 Buddhist 0.026 0.024 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 T-Value 1.05 1.11 1.14 1.15 1.19 1.26 P-Value 0.305 0.277 0.264 0.258 0.244 0.217 Catholic T-Value P-Value Lib72 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.005 T-Value -0.44 -0.46 -0.45 -0.47 -0.49 -0.48 P-Value 0.664 0.649 0.655 0.645 0.629 0.638 Colony -0.0047 -0.0045 -0.0044 -0.0041 -0.0039 -0.0036 T-Value -0.50 -0.49 -0.50 -0.49 -0.48 -0.46 P-Value 0.621 0.625 0.622 0.629 0.636 0.646 Confuc 0.039 0.039 0.040 0.040 0.041 0.042 T-Value 1.33 1.36 1.39 1.46 1.62 1.68 P-Value 0.194 0.185 0.175 0.155 0.115 0.104 Density60 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.33 0.47 0.48 P-Value 0.792 0.782 0.783 0.747 0.643 0.631 Coastal 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.75 0.77 0.79 0.79 0.82 0.82 P-Value 0.460 0.448 0.437 0.435 0.419 0.421 Interior 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 0.37 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.37 0.40 P-Value 0.716 0.722 0.715 0.704 0.711 0.693 Popgrowth T-Value P-Value EAsian 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.014 T-Value 0.94 0.95 0.97 0.97 1.04 1.15 P-Value 0.357 0.352 0.342 0.338 0.307 0.259 Capitalism -0.0024 -0.0024 -0.0024 -0.0023 -0.0023 -0.0024 T-Value -1.33 -1.36 -1.38 -1.45 -1.47 -1.58 P-Value 0.194 0.186 0.180 0.157 0.151 0.124 EnglishLang 0.0079 0.0079 0.0078 0.0076 0.0080 0.0082 T-Value 0.77 0.78 0.79 0.79 0.88 0.93 P-Value 0.449 0.443 0.438 0.437 0.388 0.358 European 0.015 0.014 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.014 T-Value 0.65 0.65 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 P-Value 0.521 0.521 0.486 0.483 0.481 0.486 Fertility -0.011 -0.012 -0.011 -0.012 -0.012 -0.012 T-Value -0.51 -0.60 -0.60 -0.64 -0.67 -0.72 P-Value 0.615 0.555 0.556 0.529 0.505 0.476 Defense 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.84 0.87 0.88 T-Value 1.30 1.35 1.37 1.38 1.52 1.57 P-Value 0.206 0.190 0.183 0.177 0.139 0.126 GDP60 -0.0079 -0.0081 -0.0079 -0.0082 -0.0084 -0.0084 T-Value -1.16 -1.26 -1.31 -1.46 -1.59 -1.61 P-Value 0.255 0.218 0.200 0.156 0.123 0.117 PubEduc 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.92 0.95 0.96 T-Value 1.32 1.35 1.37 1.39 1.60 1.64 P-Value 0.199 0.188 0.182 0.176 0.121 0.111 PubInvest -0.115 -0.114 -0.114 -0.114 -0.111 -0.112 T-Value -2.12 -2.18 -2.22 -2.26 -2.41 -2.46 P-Value 0.043 0.038 0.035 0.032 0.022 0.019 Nomshare -0.045 -0.043 -0.041 -0.039 -0.037 -0.036 T-Value -0.81 -0.82 -0.83 -0.86 -0.87 -0.87 P-Value 0.428 0.418 0.414 0.396 0.392 0.393 Govshare -0.86 -0.88 -0.87 -0.86 -0.89 -0.91 T-Value -1.29 -1.35 -1.37 -1.39 -1.58 -1.65 P-Value 0.208 0.188 0.181 0.175 0.125 0.109 Govcshare 0.83 0.84 0.83 0.83 0.86 0.87 T-Value 1.25 1.31 1.33 1.35 1.52 1.60 P-Value 0.222 0.201 0.194 0.188 0.138 0.121 HighEd -0.085 -0.087 -0.089 -0.088 -0.084 -0.085 T-Value -1.13 -1.21 -1.32 -1.34 -1.44 -1.48 P-Value 0.269 0.237 0.196 0.190 0.160 0.148 Religion 0.002 0.001 T-Value 0.14 0.12 P-Value 0.890 0.905 Hindu 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.009 0.008 0.009 T-Value 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.41 0.39 0.45 P-Value 0.685 0.684 0.691 0.688 0.700 0.658 InvestP -0.00013 -0.00013 -0.00013 -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00012 T-Value -3.31 -3.38 -3.44 -3.52 -3.60 -3.66 P-Value 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 LatAm -0.013 -0.013 -0.013 -0.013 -0.013 -0.014 T-Value -0.79 -0.84 -0.88 -0.89 -0.91 -0.93 P-Value 0.434 0.409 0.389 0.382 0.369 0.359 Area 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.14 P-Value 0.858 0.865 0.866 0.892 Landlocked T-Value P-Value Hydrocarbon 0.00022 0.00022 0.00021 0.00021 0.00023 0.00022 T-Value 0.35 0.36 0.34 0.35 0.40 0.39 P-Value 0.732 0.725 0.733 0.727 0.690 0.696 Life60 -0.00024 -0.00023 -0.00024 -0.00023 -0.00021 -0.00021 T-Value -0.42 -0.41 -0.43 -0.43 -0.41 -0.41 P-Value 0.681 0.684 0.673 0.673 0.684 0.687 Navigate -0.0046 -0.0044 -0.0047 -0.0046 -0.0053 -0.0051 T-Value -0.41 -0.40 -0.45 -0.45 -0.58 -0.58 P-Value 0.689 0.694 0.659 0.659 0.565 0.566 Malaria 0.0085 0.0082 0.0081 0.0079 0.0080 0.0079 T-Value 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.87 0.91 0.92 P-Value 0.403 0.398 0.393 0.390 0.369 0.367 Mining 0.055 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.052 0.052 T-Value 1.47 1.49 1.52 1.55 1.66 1.70 P-Value 0.153 0.147 0.140 0.133 0.107 0.099 Muslim 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.011 T-Value 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1.00 P-Value 0.349 0.344 0.338 0.334 0.331 0.326 Newstate -0.0008 -0.0010 -0.0011 -0.0012 -0.0014 -0.0016 T-Value -0.18 -0.22 -0.25 -0.29 -0.38 -0.45 P-Value 0.862 0.824 0.804 0.774 0.705 0.658 Oil T-Value P-Value Open T-Value P-Value Orthodox 0.003 T-Value 0.13 P-Value 0.900 SecLang 0.0072 0.0067 0.0065 0.0065 0.0067 0.0067 T-Value 0.90 0.95 0.97 0.98 1.06 1.08 P-Value 0.376 0.348 0.341 0.335 0.297 0.288 PrimeEd 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.030 0.030 T-Value 2.13 2.16 2.27 2.32 2.46 2.53 P-Value 0.043 0.039 0.031 0.028 0.020 0.017 Inflation 0.00015 0.00014 0.00014 0.00014 0.00014 0.00012 T-Value 0.37 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.35 P-Value 0.711 0.721 0.713 0.706 0.705 0.728 Inf2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.50 0.55 0.58 0.59 0.64 0.73 P-Value 0.623 0.588 0.567 0.558 0.524 0.473 Polrights -0.0013 -0.0013 -0.0013 -0.0013 -0.0013 -0.0013 T-Value -0.50 -0.53 -0.53 -0.54 -0.55 -0.55 P-Value 0.621 0.600 0.602 0.593 0.589 0.586 Young 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 T-Value 0.75 0.79 0.84 0.85 0.86 0.88 P-Value 0.461 0.437 0.409 0.400 0.398 0.384 Population 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.70 0.71 0.79 0.80 0.93 0.93 P-Value 0.490 0.485 0.436 0.430 0.358 0.357 Old 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.18 0.18 T-Value 0.83 0.85 0.88 0.88 0.92 0.93 P-Value 0.416 0.404 0.387 0.384 0.364 0.358 Exports -0.007 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 T-Value -0.46 -0.45 -0.50 -0.49 -0.49 -0.48 P-Value 0.653 0.660 0.620 0.625 0.630 0.632 Protestant 0.0102 0.0099 0.0096 0.0097 0.0094 0.0093 T-Value 0.99 1.01 1.03 1.05 1.06 1.07 P-Value 0.330 0.321 0.314 0.303 0.297 0.293 Exchange 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 T-Value 0.24 0.25 0.30 0.32 0.33 0.32 P-Value 0.810 0.801 0.764 0.749 0.746 0.749 Revolution -0.0168 -0.0168 -0.0168 -0.0171 -0.0178 -0.0179 T-Value -1.48 -1.51 -1.53 -1.63 -2.01 -2.05 P-Value 0.150 0.142 0.136 0.114 0.053 0.049 Africa -0.008 -0.008 -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 T-Value -0.64 -0.65 -0.68 -0.70 -0.80 -0.79 P-Value 0.530 0.522 0.501 0.489 0.432 0.435 Outward -0.0008 -0.0010 -0.0011 -0.0012 -0.0012 -0.0014 T-Value -0.15 -0.19 -0.24 -0.28 -0.27 -0.32 P-Value 0.882 0.849 0.814 0.785 0.791 0.751 Size60 -0.0035 -0.0034 -0.0035 -0.0033 -0.0031 -0.0031 T-Value -0.96 -0.98 -1.06 -1.11 -1.20 -1.22 P-Value 0.344 0.337 0.297 0.275 0.241 0.233 Socialist -0.0013 -0.0010 -0.0010 T-Value -0.16 -0.13 -0.13 P-Value 0.876 0.900 0.895 Spanish 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.011 T-Value 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.12 1.13 P-Value 0.319 0.312 0.305 0.300 0.270 0.267 Totg T-Value P-Value Totr -0.004 -0.004 -0.004 -0.004 -0.006 -0.005 T-Value -0.19 -0.20 -0.18 -0.20 -0.38 -0.36 P-Value 0.853 0.843 0.856 0.841 0.708 0.722 Troparea -0.014 -0.014 -0.014 -0.014 -0.014 -0.014 T-Value -0.90 -0.95 -0.99 -1.01 -1.04 -1.13 P-Value 0.377 0.351 0.330 0.322 0.306 0.267 Troppop -0.009 -0.008 -0.008 -0.008 -0.009 -0.008 T-Value -0.63 -0.63 -0.64 -0.65 -0.72 -0.71 P-Value 0.533 0.534 0.529 0.521 0.479 0.482 Wartime 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.002 T-Value 0.28 0.26 0.26 0.24 0.21 0.15 P-Value 0.783 0.794 0.794 0.813 0.832 0.882 Warfare -0.0010 -0.0008 -0.0007 -0.0007 -0.0007 T-Value -0.21 -0.17 -0.16 -0.16 -0.17 P-Value 0.838 0.863 0.876 0.875 0.867 Yearsopen -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 -0.004 -0.003 T-Value -0.39 -0.38 -0.39 -0.38 -0.37 -0.34 P-Value 0.699 0.709 0.696 0.703 0.717 0.739 Tropzone -0.0056 -0.0056 -0.0058 -0.0058 -0.0056 -0.0053 T-Value -0.63 -0.63 -0.68 -0.70 -0.69 -0.68 P-Value 0.537 0.532 0.502 0.492 0.493 0.499 S 0.0102 0.0101 0.00988 0.00971 0.00955 0.00940 R-Sq 91.34 91.33 91.33 91.32 91.31 91.31 R-Sq(adj) 71.01 72.06 73.05 73.96 74.81 75.60 Mallows Cp 56.0 54.0 52.0 50.1 48.1 46.1 Step 13 14 15 16 17 18 Constant 0.1598 0.1597 0.1511 0.1516 0.1550 0.1515 Latitude -0.00040 -0.00038 -0.00036 -0.00035 -0.00033 -0.00033 T-Value -1.24 -1.23 -1.21 -1.20 -1.18 -1.17 P-Value 0.222 0.229 0.233 0.238 0.245 0.248 Distance -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 T-Value -0.98 -1.07 -1.05 -1.02 -1.01 -0.99 P-Value 0.333 0.293 0.299 0.314 0.317 0.331 Fractional -0.0002 -0.0001 0.0005 0.0003 0.0000 0.0006 T-Value -0.02 -0.01 0.06 0.04 0.01 0.07 P-Value 0.981 0.990 0.953 0.968 0.996 0.942 British 0.0035 0.0039 0.0035 0.0030 0.0026 0.0027 T-Value 0.65 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.61 P-Value 0.519 0.456 0.486 0.523 0.555 0.546 Buddhist 0.021 0.022 0.023 0.024 0.024 0.026 T-Value 1.27 1.35 1.40 1.53 1.57 1.78 P-Value 0.213 0.187 0.171 0.136 0.125 0.084 Catholic T-Value P-Value Lib72 -0.0052 -0.0048 -0.0051 -0.0058 -0.0071 -0.0075 T-Value -0.46 -0.44 -0.47 -0.56 -0.76 -0.82 P-Value 0.645 0.663 0.642 0.580 0.452 0.415 Colony -0.0036 -0.0038 -0.0036 -0.0038 -0.0041 -0.0055 T-Value -0.46 -0.51 -0.49 -0.53 -0.58 -0.91 P-Value 0.648 0.614 0.629 0.602 0.565 0.367 Confuc 0.042 0.042 0.044 0.043 0.043 0.041 T-Value 1.70 1.75 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.91 P-Value 0.100 0.089 0.064 0.063 0.063 0.064 Density60 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 0.52 0.61 0.62 0.69 0.70 0.85 P-Value 0.607 0.544 0.538 0.494 0.487 0.402 Coastal 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00001 T-Value 0.83 0.84 0.81 0.96 0.96 1.40 P-Value 0.413 0.408 0.424 0.345 0.342 0.171 Interior 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 0.40 0.36 0.34 P-Value 0.694 0.722 0.738 Popgrowth T-Value P-Value EAsian 0.0139 0.0142 0.0143 0.0128 0.0119 0.0114 T-Value 1.23 1.28 1.31 1.29 1.29 1.26 P-Value 0.227 0.208 0.201 0.204 0.206 0.217 Capitalism -0.0024 -0.0024 -0.0022 -0.0022 -0.0021 -0.0021 T-Value -1.72 -1.72 -1.73 -1.73 -1.73 -1.71 P-Value 0.095 0.095 0.094 0.093 0.093 0.095 EnglishLang 0.0081 0.0080 0.0074 0.0080 0.0079 0.0076 T-Value 0.94 0.94 0.90 1.00 1.01 0.98 P-Value 0.356 0.356 0.374 0.323 0.321 0.332 European 0.014 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.015 T-Value 0.72 0.80 0.87 0.85 0.82 0.89 P-Value 0.474 0.427 0.392 0.404 0.418 0.377 Fertility -0.012 -0.011 -0.008 -0.008 -0.009 -0.007 T-Value -0.73 -0.68 -0.61 -0.58 -0.67 -0.59 P-Value 0.472 0.500 0.546 0.567 0.509 0.559 Defense 0.87 0.81 0.77 0.80 0.79 0.79 T-Value 1.59 1.62 1.61 1.71 1.72 1.74 P-Value 0.122 0.115 0.116 0.095 0.094 0.090 GDP60 -0.0086 -0.0087 -0.0091 -0.0097 -0.0097 -0.0099 T-Value -1.75 -1.79 -1.96 -2.30 -2.34 -2.41 P-Value 0.089 0.082 0.058 0.028 0.025 0.021 PubEduc 0.96 0.91 0.91 0.95 0.94 0.94 T-Value 1.67 1.68 1.70 1.87 1.87 1.89 P-Value 0.105 0.103 0.099 0.070 0.070 0.067 PubInvest -0.113 -0.110 -0.108 -0.108 -0.108 -0.109 T-Value -2.55 -2.58 -2.59 -2.63 -2.66 -2.70 P-Value 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.010 Nomshare -0.035 -0.038 -0.034 -0.033 -0.034 -0.035 T-Value -0.87 -1.00 -0.97 -0.96 -1.00 -1.05 P-Value 0.392 0.322 0.340 0.343 0.323 0.300 Govshare -0.91 -0.84 -0.81 -0.83 -0.82 -0.81 T-Value -1.67 -1.73 -1.72 -1.81 -1.82 -1.83 P-Value 0.104 0.093 0.094 0.079 0.077 0.075 Govcshare 0.87 0.81 0.77 0.79 0.78 0.78 T-Value 1.61 1.66 1.65 1.74 1.74 1.76 P-Value 0.116 0.106 0.107 0.091 0.090 0.086 HighEd -0.086 -0.084 -0.084 -0.083 -0.079 -0.073 T-Value -1.52 -1.52 -1.54 -1.55 -1.55 -1.52 P-Value 0.137 0.138 0.133 0.131 0.129 0.136 Religion T-Value P-Value Hindu 0.010 0.009 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.010 T-Value 0.46 0.47 0.57 0.64 0.61 0.55 P-Value 0.646 0.644 0.570 0.524 0.543 0.583 InvestP -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00013 -0.00013 T-Value -3.71 -3.81 -3.86 -4.22 -4.31 -4.37 P-Value 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 LatAm -0.013 -0.012 -0.011 -0.011 -0.011 -0.009 T-Value -0.94 -0.90 -0.86 -0.88 -0.90 -0.82 P-Value 0.356 0.373 0.396 0.385 0.377 0.419 Area T-Value P-Value Landlocked T-Value P-Value Hydrocarbon 0.00020 0.00021 0.00023 0.00027 0.00033 0.00036 T-Value 0.37 0.40 0.47 0.57 0.78 0.87 P-Value 0.711 0.694 0.643 0.573 0.439 0.391 Life60 -0.00019 -0.00015 T-Value -0.39 -0.32 P-Value 0.700 0.750 Navigate -0.0049 -0.0050 -0.0051 -0.0040 -0.0044 -0.0046 T-Value -0.57 -0.59 -0.61 -0.53 -0.60 -0.63 P-Value 0.572 0.560 0.543 0.599 0.553 0.530 Malaria 0.0075 0.0078 0.0077 0.0080 0.0087 0.0093 T-Value 0.93 0.99 0.99 1.05 1.23 1.35 P-Value 0.361 0.330 0.330 0.300 0.226 0.185 Mining 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.051 0.048 0.045 T-Value 1.77 1.80 1.85 1.84 1.91 1.90 P-Value 0.086 0.081 0.073 0.074 0.064 0.065 Muslim 0.0113 0.0118 0.0124 0.0115 0.0114 0.0108 T-Value 1.07 1.14 1.23 1.20 1.20 1.17 P-Value 0.294 0.261 0.227 0.238 0.239 0.251 Newstate -0.0017 -0.0015 -0.0017 -0.0013 -0.0011 T-Value -0.52 -0.47 -0.52 -0.44 -0.39 P-Value 0.610 0.638 0.605 0.659 0.702 Oil T-Value P-Value Open T-Value P-Value Orthodox T-Value P-Value SecLang 0.0068 0.0071 0.0075 0.0075 0.0078 0.0082 T-Value 1.11 1.20 1.30 1.32 1.43 1.52 P-Value 0.275 0.240 0.203 0.195 0.161 0.136 PrimeEd 0.0304 0.0301 0.0284 0.0277 0.0266 0.0264 T-Value 2.57 2.60 2.79 2.82 2.96 2.98 P-Value 0.015 0.014 0.009 0.008 0.005 0.005 Inflation 0.00010 0.00012 0.00014 0.00015 0.00017 0.00017 T-Value 0.33 0.38 0.48 0.49 0.59 0.60 P-Value 0.747 0.703 0.632 0.625 0.561 0.550 Inf2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.81 0.77 0.72 0.71 0.67 0.62 P-Value 0.424 0.445 0.479 0.482 0.510 0.537 Polrights -0.0012 -0.0010 -0.0009 -0.0011 -0.0014 -0.0015 T-Value -0.54 -0.49 -0.45 -0.57 -0.76 -0.85 P-Value 0.592 0.626 0.652 0.571 0.453 0.401 Young 0.088 0.078 0.065 0.060 0.065 0.060 T-Value 0.88 0.85 0.79 0.76 0.86 0.81 P-Value 0.383 0.404 0.432 0.454 0.398 0.426 Population 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.94 0.97 1.00 0.96 1.09 1.08 P-Value 0.356 0.338 0.327 0.346 0.282 0.286 Old 0.18 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.15 T-Value 0.94 0.91 0.87 0.88 0.98 0.96 P-Value 0.354 0.371 0.392 0.384 0.336 0.343 Exports -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 -0.005 -0.006 -0.005 T-Value -0.47 -0.46 -0.47 -0.47 -0.53 -0.46 P-Value 0.644 0.651 0.645 0.638 0.598 0.651 Protestant 0.0095 0.0093 0.0090 0.0093 0.0095 0.0098 T-Value 1.12 1.12 1.10 1.17 1.22 1.28 P-Value 0.270 0.270 0.277 0.251 0.231 0.209 Exchange 0.00002 T-Value 0.29 P-Value 0.771 Revolution -0.0174 -0.0166 -0.0162 -0.0162 -0.0162 -0.0163 T-Value -2.17 -2.24 -2.25 -2.28 -2.31 -2.36 P-Value 0.038 0.032 0.031 0.029 0.027 0.024 Africa -0.0083 -0.0074 -0.0067 -0.0067 -0.0070 -0.0067 T-Value -0.79 -0.75 -0.71 -0.71 -0.76 -0.74 P-Value 0.434 0.458 0.484 0.483 0.450 0.464 Outward -0.0016 -0.0014 -0.0015 -0.0010 T-Value -0.39 -0.36 -0.38 -0.28 P-Value 0.700 0.723 0.707 0.782 Size60 -0.0030 -0.0030 -0.0028 -0.0025 -0.0027 -0.0025 T-Value -1.27 -1.30 -1.28 -1.27 -1.45 -1.42 P-Value 0.213 0.202 0.210 0.214 0.155 0.164 Socialist T-Value P-Value Spanish 0.0113 0.0111 0.0104 0.0109 0.0112 0.0119 T-Value 1.14 1.14 1.11 1.20 1.26 1.38 P-Value 0.263 0.262 0.274 0.237 0.217 0.177 Totg T-Value P-Value Totr -0.006 -0.005 -0.007 -0.007 -0.007 -0.008 T-Value -0.42 -0.39 -0.56 -0.57 -0.60 -0.68 P-Value 0.678 0.703 0.580 0.574 0.550 0.500 Troparea -0.014 -0.014 -0.013 -0.012 -0.012 -0.012 T-Value -1.16 -1.14 -1.11 -1.12 -1.10 -1.13 P-Value 0.253 0.260 0.273 0.272 0.280 0.265 Troppop -0.0077 -0.0074 -0.0074 -0.0073 -0.0083 -0.0092 T-Value -0.71 -0.69 -0.70 -0.70 -0.86 -1.00 P-Value 0.484 0.494 0.488 0.488 0.393 0.323 Wartime T-Value P-Value Warfare T-Value P-Value Yearsopen -0.0038 -0.0043 -0.0045 -0.0043 -0.0041 -0.0043 T-Value -0.38 -0.45 -0.48 -0.46 -0.45 -0.47 P-Value 0.704 0.654 0.637 0.648 0.657 0.638 Tropzone -0.0055 -0.0053 -0.0053 -0.0054 -0.0055 -0.0061 T-Value -0.73 -0.72 -0.72 -0.76 -0.78 -0.90 P-Value 0.469 0.474 0.475 0.452 0.441 0.376 S 0.00925 0.00912 0.00900 0.00889 0.00877 0.00867 R-Sq 91.30 91.28 91.25 91.22 91.20 91.16 R-Sq(adj) 76.35 77.00 77.61 78.18 78.73 79.22 Mallows Cp 44.1 42.2 40.2 38.3 36.3 34.4 Step 19 20 21 22 23 24 Constant 0.1490 0.1468 0.1485 0.1514 0.1529 0.1567 Latitude -0.00033 -0.00030 -0.00031 -0.00032 -0.00031 -0.00027 T-Value -1.19 -1.14 -1.20 -1.23 -1.23 -1.14 P-Value 0.242 0.261 0.237 0.225 0.225 0.262 Distance -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 T-Value -1.29 -1.24 -1.21 -1.16 -1.20 -1.21 P-Value 0.206 0.224 0.232 0.252 0.237 0.234 Fractional 0.0011 0.0008 0.0010 0.0011 0.0020 0.0015 T-Value 0.15 0.11 0.14 0.15 0.29 0.21 P-Value 0.884 0.916 0.888 0.878 0.777 0.831 British 0.0030 0.0029 0.0031 0.0033 0.0033 0.0033 T-Value 0.72 0.68 0.74 0.81 0.83 0.82 P-Value 0.478 0.498 0.461 0.425 0.409 0.417 Buddhist 0.0252 0.0219 0.0203 0.0196 0.0195 0.0175 T-Value 1.76 1.88 1.85 1.82 1.82 1.78 P-Value 0.087 0.068 0.072 0.076 0.075 0.082 Catholic T-Value P-Value Lib72 -0.0078 -0.0087 -0.0085 -0.0084 -0.0090 -0.0101 T-Value -0.86 -1.02 -1.00 -1.00 -1.09 -1.28 P-Value 0.394 0.316 0.323 0.321 0.283 0.208 Colony -0.0054 -0.0052 -0.0050 -0.0056 -0.0052 -0.0049 T-Value -0.90 -0.87 -0.86 -1.00 -0.95 -0.90 P-Value 0.376 0.387 0.394 0.323 0.349 0.373 Confuc 0.043 0.041 0.040 0.041 0.038 0.037 T-Value 2.03 2.02 2.00 2.04 1.98 1.94 P-Value 0.049 0.051 0.052 0.048 0.054 0.059 Density60 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 0.92 0.99 1.01 1.00 1.40 1.47 P-Value 0.361 0.330 0.321 0.322 0.169 0.148 Coastal 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00000 T-Value 1.68 1.65 1.64 1.62 1.62 1.60 P-Value 0.100 0.106 0.109 0.112 0.114 0.118 Interior T-Value P-Value Popgrowth T-Value P-Value EAsian 0.0112 0.0099 0.0102 0.0089 0.0078 0.0067 T-Value 1.25 1.20 1.25 1.19 1.09 0.99 P-Value 0.219 0.239 0.217 0.242 0.282 0.327 Capitalism -0.0022 -0.0022 -0.0022 -0.0022 -0.0022 -0.0022 T-Value -1.84 -1.89 -1.97 -1.94 -2.05 -2.01 P-Value 0.073 0.067 0.056 0.059 0.047 0.051 EnglishLang 0.0075 0.0078 0.0074 0.0073 0.0068 0.0074 T-Value 0.98 1.04 1.01 1.00 0.95 1.06 P-Value 0.333 0.305 0.319 0.322 0.346 0.296 European 0.013 0.009 0.008 0.006 0.006 T-Value 0.80 0.71 0.66 0.56 0.50 P-Value 0.427 0.481 0.511 0.578 0.620 Fertility -0.008 -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 -0.009 -0.011 T-Value -0.63 -0.74 -0.77 -0.81 -0.78 -1.12 P-Value 0.531 0.462 0.444 0.422 0.439 0.268 Defense 0.81 0.79 0.79 0.80 0.80 0.77 T-Value 1.81 1.81 1.82 1.85 1.88 1.84 P-Value 0.077 0.079 0.077 0.071 0.068 0.073 GDP60 -0.0099 -0.0097 -0.0097 -0.0093 -0.0095 -0.0100 T-Value -2.44 -2.44 -2.47 -2.47 -2.58 -2.83 P-Value 0.020 0.019 0.018 0.018 0.014 0.007 PubEduc 0.94 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.92 0.87 T-Value 1.91 1.91 1.90 1.91 1.96 1.91 P-Value 0.063 0.064 0.065 0.063 0.057 0.062 PubInvest -0.112 -0.110 -0.110 -0.110 -0.110 -0.111 T-Value -2.87 -2.87 -2.89 -2.92 -2.97 -3.02 P-Value 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.005 0.004 Nomshare -0.036 -0.034 -0.037 -0.039 -0.038 -0.036 T-Value -1.09 -1.07 -1.17 -1.27 -1.26 -1.22 P-Value 0.281 0.291 0.249 0.212 0.216 0.230 Govshare -0.83 -0.82 -0.82 -0.82 -0.83 -0.80 T-Value -1.89 -1.90 -1.90 -1.94 -1.97 -1.94 P-Value 0.067 0.065 0.065 0.059 0.055 0.059 Govcshare 0.80 0.79 0.78 0.79 0.79 0.76 T-Value 1.83 1.84 1.84 1.88 1.90 1.86 P-Value 0.076 0.074 0.074 0.067 0.064 0.069 HighEd -0.078 -0.077 -0.079 -0.082 -0.082 -0.080 T-Value -1.68 -1.68 -1.73 -1.84 -1.87 -1.85 P-Value 0.101 0.101 0.092 0.073 0.068 0.072 Religion T-Value P-Value Hindu 0.009 0.008 0.007 T-Value 0.52 0.49 0.44 P-Value 0.604 0.627 0.663 InvestP -0.00013 -0.00013 -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00013 T-Value -4.55 -4.62 -4.68 -4.72 -4.98 -5.11 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 LatAm -0.0093 -0.0102 -0.0100 -0.0114 -0.0122 -0.0149 T-Value -0.83 -0.93 -0.92 -1.11 -1.21 -1.78 P-Value 0.414 0.360 0.363 0.275 0.233 0.082 Area T-Value P-Value Landlocked T-Value P-Value Hydrocarbon 0.00031 0.00032 0.00029 0.00029 0.00032 0.00037 T-Value 0.78 0.82 0.76 0.79 0.88 1.03 P-Value 0.441 0.416 0.452 0.435 0.383 0.308 Life60 T-Value P-Value Navigate -0.0045 -0.0034 -0.0030 -0.0035 T-Value -0.63 -0.52 -0.46 -0.55 P-Value 0.536 0.608 0.646 0.586 Malaria 0.0096 0.0100 0.0094 0.0088 0.0088 0.0088 T-Value 1.43 1.51 1.47 1.42 1.44 1.45 P-Value 0.162 0.139 0.150 0.163 0.158 0.154 Mining 0.044 0.042 0.042 0.041 0.040 0.037 T-Value 1.88 1.86 1.91 1.89 1.85 1.80 P-Value 0.067 0.071 0.063 0.065 0.071 0.079 Muslim 0.0099 0.0088 0.0087 0.0075 0.0057 0.0043 T-Value 1.10 1.04 1.04 0.96 0.81 0.67 P-Value 0.276 0.303 0.303 0.343 0.422 0.506 Newstate T-Value P-Value Oil T-Value P-Value Open T-Value P-Value Orthodox T-Value P-Value SecLang 0.0082 0.0083 0.0079 0.0077 0.0084 0.0087 T-Value 1.55 1.58 1.54 1.53 1.73 1.82 P-Value 0.129 0.122 0.130 0.133 0.091 0.075 PrimeEd 0.0269 0.0262 0.0264 0.0254 0.0246 0.0245 T-Value 3.08 3.10 3.16 3.19 3.17 3.19 P-Value 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 Inflation 0.00014 0.00011 T-Value 0.53 0.44 P-Value 0.598 0.665 Inf2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 0.69 0.79 2.34 2.34 2.50 2.48 P-Value 0.496 0.435 0.024 0.024 0.017 0.017 Polrights -0.0017 -0.0017 -0.0018 -0.0018 -0.0017 -0.0020 T-Value -1.00 -1.06 -1.10 -1.12 -1.08 -1.34 P-Value 0.325 0.294 0.278 0.267 0.285 0.186 Young 0.055 0.059 0.059 0.061 0.059 0.065 T-Value 0.76 0.84 0.84 0.87 0.85 0.96 P-Value 0.452 0.408 0.406 0.388 0.399 0.340 Population 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 1.10 1.11 1.09 1.66 1.65 1.59 P-Value 0.279 0.275 0.284 0.104 0.106 0.119 Old 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.18 T-Value 1.03 1.06 1.07 1.10 1.06 1.32 P-Value 0.310 0.297 0.292 0.280 0.297 0.194 Exports T-Value P-Value Protestant 0.0105 0.0103 0.0102 0.0098 0.0110 0.0112 T-Value 1.42 1.40 1.40 1.37 1.65 1.69 P-Value 0.165 0.170 0.168 0.177 0.106 0.098 Exchange T-Value P-Value Revolution -0.0165 -0.0167 -0.0167 -0.0168 -0.0173 -0.0169 T-Value -2.41 -2.49 -2.51 -2.56 -2.67 -2.66 P-Value 0.021 0.017 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.011 Africa -0.0063 -0.0072 -0.0078 -0.0097 -0.0107 -0.0115 T-Value -0.71 -0.83 -0.93 -1.35 -1.58 -1.76 P-Value 0.482 0.409 0.360 0.183 0.122 0.086 Outward T-Value P-Value Size60 -0.0022 -0.0021 -0.0021 -0.0023 -0.0022 -0.0021 T-Value -1.36 -1.32 -1.31 -1.51 -1.48 -1.43 P-Value 0.182 0.193 0.197 0.138 0.147 0.161 Socialist T-Value P-Value Spanish 0.0118 0.0110 0.0106 0.0102 0.0100 0.0106 T-Value 1.38 1.34 1.32 1.28 1.27 1.38 P-Value 0.176 0.189 0.196 0.207 0.212 0.174 Totg T-Value P-Value Totr -0.008 -0.008 -0.007 -0.008 -0.009 -0.008 T-Value -0.69 -0.70 -0.67 -0.73 -0.89 -0.83 P-Value 0.495 0.486 0.504 0.469 0.380 0.412 Troparea -0.0132 -0.0138 -0.0146 -0.0142 -0.0162 -0.0148 T-Value -1.30 -1.37 -1.49 -1.47 -1.82 -1.77 P-Value 0.203 0.177 0.144 0.148 0.076 0.085 Troppop -0.0089 -0.0077 -0.0065 -0.0071 -0.0045 -0.0044 T-Value -0.98 -0.91 -0.82 -0.90 -0.72 -0.71 P-Value 0.334 0.371 0.419 0.371 0.473 0.481 Wartime T-Value P-Value Warfare T-Value P-Value Yearsopen -0.0036 T-Value -0.41 P-Value 0.688 Tropzone -0.0071 -0.0067 -0.0063 -0.0060 -0.0053 -0.0050 T-Value -1.12 -1.08 -1.03 -1.01 -0.92 -0.87 P-Value 0.271 0.287 0.308 0.320 0.365 0.391 S 0.00858 0.00849 0.00840 0.00832 0.00825 0.00818 R-Sq 91.11 91.08 91.03 90.99 90.92 90.87 R-Sq(adj) 79.66 80.09 80.50 80.88 81.20 81.52 Mallows Cp 32.5 30.6 28.7 26.8 25.0 23.1 Step 25 26 27 28 29 30 Constant 0.1639 0.1657 0.1662 0.1801 0.1680 0.1645 Latitude -0.00024 -0.00022 -0.00023 -0.00022 -0.00026 -0.00033 T-Value -1.05 -0.95 -1.02 -1.00 -1.23 -1.65 P-Value 0.298 0.348 0.315 0.322 0.223 0.106 Distance -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 T-Value -1.39 -1.36 -1.35 -1.39 -1.51 -1.82 P-Value 0.172 0.181 0.183 0.172 0.138 0.076 Fractional 0.0022 0.0015 0.0019 0.0033 0.0030 0.0030 T-Value 0.33 0.22 0.29 0.54 0.50 0.50 P-Value 0.743 0.826 0.773 0.592 0.620 0.621 British 0.0034 0.0038 0.0037 0.0043 0.0043 0.0046 T-Value 0.87 0.98 0.96 1.14 1.16 1.25 P-Value 0.388 0.331 0.341 0.260 0.251 0.218 Buddhist 0.0171 0.0147 0.0143 0.0155 0.0161 0.0147 T-Value 1.76 1.62 1.59 1.75 1.84 1.72 P-Value 0.085 0.113 0.119 0.087 0.072 0.092 Catholic T-Value P-Value Lib72 -0.0101 -0.0093 -0.0093 -0.0093 -0.0086 -0.0063 T-Value -1.29 -1.21 -1.22 -1.22 -1.14 -0.89 P-Value 0.204 0.233 0.231 0.230 0.259 0.378 Colony -0.0044 -0.0049 -0.0047 -0.0056 -0.0067 -0.0062 T-Value -0.82 -0.92 -0.91 -1.09 -1.42 -1.33 P-Value 0.418 0.361 0.370 0.279 0.163 0.191 Confuc 0.035 0.033 0.032 0.035 0.034 0.032 T-Value 1.87 1.81 1.78 1.97 1.96 1.84 P-Value 0.068 0.078 0.082 0.055 0.056 0.072 Density60 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 1.56 1.65 1.60 1.77 2.04 2.07 P-Value 0.126 0.105 0.117 0.083 0.046 0.044 Coastal 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00001 0.00000 T-Value 1.54 1.48 1.51 1.50 1.78 1.67 P-Value 0.131 0.147 0.138 0.139 0.081 0.101 Interior T-Value P-Value Popgrowth T-Value P-Value EAsian 0.0064 0.0075 0.0082 0.0078 0.0083 0.0090 T-Value 0.96 1.16 1.29 1.24 1.34 1.46 P-Value 0.344 0.253 0.203 0.221 0.187 0.151 Capitalism -0.00221 -0.00221 -0.00226 -0.00246 -0.00248 -0.00274 T-Value -2.09 -2.09 -2.17 -2.47 -2.50 -2.89 P-Value 0.043 0.042 0.035 0.017 0.016 0.006 EnglishLang 0.0077 0.0079 0.0079 0.0088 0.0083 0.0089 T-Value 1.11 1.15 1.15 1.31 1.25 1.34 P-Value 0.273 0.258 0.255 0.196 0.217 0.185 European T-Value P-Value Fertility -0.0108 -0.0102 -0.0097 -0.0049 T-Value -1.08 -1.03 -0.99 -0.69 P-Value 0.287 0.307 0.328 0.494 Defense 0.87 0.88 0.85 0.87 0.83 0.86 T-Value 2.21 2.25 2.20 2.30 2.23 2.32 P-Value 0.032 0.030 0.032 0.026 0.031 0.024 GDP60 -0.0099 -0.0099 -0.0096 -0.0100 -0.0093 -0.0087 T-Value -2.82 -2.84 -2.80 -2.98 -2.92 -2.79 P-Value 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.005 0.005 0.007 PubEduc 0.97 0.98 0.97 1.03 0.98 0.97 T-Value 2.27 2.31 2.30 2.52 2.45 2.44 P-Value 0.028 0.026 0.026 0.015 0.018 0.018 PubInvest -0.110 -0.106 -0.109 -0.113 -0.114 -0.119 T-Value -3.02 -2.95 -3.09 -3.28 -3.35 -3.51 P-Value 0.004 0.005 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 Nomshare -0.034 -0.039 -0.038 -0.041 -0.041 -0.043 T-Value -1.16 -1.34 -1.33 -1.45 -1.44 -1.52 P-Value 0.251 0.187 0.189 0.154 0.155 0.134 Govshare -0.89 -0.90 -0.87 -0.89 -0.85 -0.88 T-Value -2.30 -2.32 -2.29 -2.37 -2.30 -2.38 P-Value 0.026 0.025 0.027 0.022 0.026 0.021 Govcshare 0.85 0.86 0.83 0.85 0.81 0.83 T-Value 2.20 2.23 2.19 2.26 2.20 2.27 P-Value 0.033 0.031 0.034 0.028 0.033 0.028 HighEd -0.085 -0.082 -0.082 -0.074 -0.068 -0.076 T-Value -1.99 -1.94 -1.94 -1.83 -1.74 -1.99 P-Value 0.053 0.059 0.058 0.074 0.089 0.052 Religion T-Value P-Value Hindu T-Value P-Value InvestP -0.00013 -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00013 -0.00013 -0.00012 T-Value -5.15 -5.12 -5.17 -5.59 -5.59 -5.58 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 LatAm -0.0161 -0.0145 -0.0135 -0.0123 -0.0119 -0.0139 T-Value -1.97 -1.85 -1.77 -1.67 -1.62 -2.00 P-Value 0.056 0.071 0.083 0.102 0.111 0.051 Area T-Value P-Value Landlocked T-Value P-Value Hydrocarbon 0.00039 0.00037 0.00033 0.00033 0.00030 T-Value 1.12 1.07 0.99 0.99 0.90 P-Value 0.270 0.290 0.330 0.327 0.374 Life60 T-Value P-Value Navigate T-Value P-Value Malaria 0.0085 0.0082 0.0078 0.0086 0.0085 0.0087 T-Value 1.42 1.37 1.32 1.49 1.48 1.51 P-Value 0.164 0.178 0.192 0.144 0.146 0.137 Mining 0.035 0.035 0.036 0.037 0.036 0.042 T-Value 1.73 1.73 1.84 1.89 1.87 2.31 P-Value 0.091 0.090 0.072 0.065 0.068 0.025 Muslim T-Value P-Value Newstate T-Value P-Value Oil T-Value P-Value Open T-Value P-Value Orthodox T-Value P-Value SecLang 0.0092 0.0094 0.0097 0.0106 0.0102 0.0096 T-Value 1.96 2.01 2.12 2.42 2.37 2.26 P-Value 0.056 0.050 0.040 0.019 0.022 0.028 PrimeEd 0.0228 0.0237 0.0237 0.0246 0.0260 0.0269 T-Value 3.16 3.36 3.39 3.57 3.98 4.19 P-Value 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 Inflation T-Value P-Value Inf2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 2.64 2.57 2.55 2.51 2.68 2.98 P-Value 0.012 0.014 0.014 0.016 0.010 0.004 Polrights -0.0020 -0.0019 -0.0019 -0.0019 -0.0019 -0.0016 T-Value -1.34 -1.28 -1.32 -1.34 -1.33 -1.14 P-Value 0.186 0.205 0.194 0.186 0.189 0.260 Young 0.058 0.050 0.046 T-Value 0.88 0.78 0.72 P-Value 0.383 0.441 0.477 Population 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 1.58 1.50 1.48 1.34 1.44 1.48 P-Value 0.122 0.141 0.145 0.187 0.157 0.146 Old 0.150 0.130 0.127 0.063 0.084 0.080 T-Value 1.16 1.04 1.02 0.73 1.04 0.99 P-Value 0.250 0.305 0.313 0.470 0.304 0.329 Exports T-Value P-Value Protestant 0.0110 0.0104 0.0104 0.0110 0.0115 0.0120 T-Value 1.67 1.60 1.62 1.73 1.83 1.92 P-Value 0.101 0.117 0.112 0.091 0.074 0.060 Exchange T-Value P-Value Revolution -0.0176 -0.0176 -0.0177 -0.0191 -0.0190 -0.0183 T-Value -2.82 -2.83 -2.87 -3.28 -3.28 -3.19 P-Value 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.002 0.002 0.002 Africa -0.0125 -0.0127 -0.0139 -0.0144 -0.0140 -0.0151 T-Value -1.97 -2.02 -2.33 -2.46 -2.41 -2.68 P-Value 0.055 0.050 0.024 0.018 0.020 0.010 Outward T-Value P-Value Size60 -0.0022 -0.0023 -0.0023 -0.0022 -0.0022 -0.0022 T-Value -1.55 -1.60 -1.66 -1.59 -1.65 -1.62 P-Value 0.127 0.116 0.104 0.118 0.106 0.112 Socialist T-Value P-Value Spanish 0.0104 0.0090 0.0076 0.0073 0.0067 0.0073 T-Value 1.37 1.22 1.10 1.07 1.00 1.10 P-Value 0.179 0.228 0.277 0.288 0.325 0.276 Totg T-Value P-Value Totr -0.0088 -0.0095 -0.0103 -0.0103 -0.0090 -0.0074 T-Value -0.88 -0.95 -1.04 -1.05 -0.94 -0.79 P-Value 0.385 0.346 0.302 0.299 0.352 0.433 Troparea -0.0150 -0.0162 -0.0176 -0.0170 -0.0185 -0.0201 T-Value -1.81 -1.99 -2.30 -2.25 -2.55 -2.86 P-Value 0.077 0.053 0.026 0.029 0.014 0.006 Troppop -0.0049 -0.0032 T-Value -0.81 -0.57 P-Value 0.424 0.568 Wartime T-Value P-Value Warfare T-Value P-Value Yearsopen T-Value P-Value Tropzone -0.0041 T-Value -0.74 P-Value 0.462 S 0.00812 0.00808 0.00802 0.00798 0.00794 0.00792 R-Sq 90.77 90.66 90.59 90.48 90.39 90.23 R-Sq(adj) 81.76 81.94 82.20 82.38 82.58 82.65 Mallows Cp 21.3 19.6 17.7 16.0 14.2 12.6 Step 31 32 33 34 35 36 Constant 0.1677 0.1703 0.1687 0.1602 0.1521 0.1534 Latitude -0.00035 -0.00038 -0.00035 -0.00034 -0.00034 -0.00030 T-Value -1.73 -1.97 -1.87 -1.83 -1.84 -1.63 P-Value 0.089 0.054 0.067 0.073 0.072 0.109 Distance -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 T-Value -1.84 -2.04 -2.12 -2.24 -1.99 -1.94 P-Value 0.072 0.046 0.039 0.029 0.051 0.058 Fractional 0.0030 0.0029 0.0031 0.0022 0.0033 0.0038 T-Value 0.49 0.48 0.51 0.38 0.58 0.66 P-Value 0.627 0.635 0.609 0.709 0.566 0.511 British 0.0049 0.0053 0.0052 0.0063 0.0054 0.0061 T-Value 1.32 1.46 1.45 1.96 1.75 1.98 P-Value 0.191 0.151 0.154 0.055 0.086 0.053 Buddhist 0.0155 0.0144 0.0136 0.0131 0.0131 0.0143 T-Value 1.83 1.74 1.67 1.62 1.62 1.77 P-Value 0.073 0.087 0.101 0.111 0.111 0.083 Catholic T-Value P-Value Lib72 -0.0043 T-Value -0.65 P-Value 0.518 Colony -0.0060 -0.0067 -0.0077 -0.0089 -0.0087 -0.0084 T-Value -1.29 -1.48 -1.81 -2.25 -2.20 -2.11 P-Value 0.204 0.144 0.076 0.028 0.032 0.039 Confuc 0.033 0.033 0.030 0.029 0.031 0.038 T-Value 1.95 1.93 1.84 1.79 1.88 2.48 P-Value 0.057 0.059 0.071 0.078 0.065 0.016 Density60 0.00001 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 0.00001 T-Value 2.06 2.32 2.41 2.47 2.39 2.21 P-Value 0.044 0.024 0.019 0.017 0.020 0.031 Coastal 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 1.61 1.55 1.58 1.47 1.35 P-Value 0.113 0.127 0.120 0.148 0.182 Interior T-Value P-Value Popgrowth T-Value P-Value EAsian 0.0098 0.0095 0.0090 0.0087 0.0085 0.0092 T-Value 1.62 1.58 1.52 1.48 1.44 1.57 P-Value 0.111 0.120 0.136 0.144 0.155 0.123 Capitalism -0.00279 -0.00294 -0.00294 -0.00286 -0.00267 -0.00269 T-Value -2.96 -3.24 -3.25 -3.20 -3.06 -3.06 P-Value 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.003 EnglishLang 0.0093 0.0091 0.0104 0.0102 0.0082 0.0076 T-Value 1.42 1.40 1.67 1.65 1.40 1.28 P-Value 0.161 0.166 0.100 0.104 0.168 0.205 European T-Value P-Value Fertility T-Value P-Value Defense 0.80 0.82 0.81 0.76 0.70 0.68 T-Value 2.21 2.32 2.30 2.21 2.07 2.00 P-Value 0.031 0.025 0.025 0.032 0.043 0.051 GDP60 -0.0086 -0.0085 -0.0079 -0.0071 -0.0066 -0.0056 T-Value -2.77 -2.78 -2.71 -2.63 -2.49 -2.19 P-Value 0.008 0.008 0.009 0.011 0.016 0.033 PubEduc 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.83 0.81 0.79 T-Value 2.31 2.31 2.34 2.26 2.22 2.14 P-Value 0.025 0.025 0.023 0.028 0.031 0.037 PubInvest -0.123 -0.123 -0.125 -0.129 -0.128 -0.129 T-Value -3.68 -3.72 -3.82 -4.02 -3.98 -3.98 P-Value 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Nomshare -0.045 -0.047 -0.049 -0.046 -0.045 -0.052 T-Value -1.63 -1.72 -1.79 -1.71 -1.70 -1.98 P-Value 0.109 0.091 0.079 0.092 0.095 0.052 Govshare -0.80 -0.83 -0.82 -0.77 -0.72 -0.71 T-Value -2.26 -2.36 -2.35 -2.27 -2.14 -2.08 P-Value 0.028 0.022 0.023 0.027 0.037 0.042 Govcshare 0.76 0.78 0.78 0.73 0.68 0.67 T-Value 2.15 2.24 2.24 2.15 2.03 1.96 P-Value 0.036 0.029 0.030 0.036 0.048 0.056 HighEd -0.070 -0.071 -0.071 -0.069 -0.057 -0.053 T-Value -1.88 -1.91 -1.91 -1.89 -1.65 -1.53 P-Value 0.067 0.062 0.061 0.064 0.104 0.133 Religion T-Value P-Value Hindu T-Value P-Value InvestP -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00013 -0.00013 -0.00012 -0.00012 T-Value -5.58 -5.63 -5.75 -5.78 -5.73 -5.62 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 LatAm -0.0135 -0.0142 -0.0152 -0.0158 -0.0114 -0.0137 T-Value -1.95 -2.11 -2.32 -2.43 -2.33 -2.95 P-Value 0.057 0.040 0.024 0.018 0.024 0.005 Area T-Value P-Value Landlocked T-Value P-Value Hydrocarbon T-Value P-Value Life60 T-Value P-Value Navigate T-Value P-Value Malaria 0.0082 0.0080 0.0092 0.0091 0.0067 0.0060 T-Value 1.45 1.42 1.71 1.70 1.39 1.25 P-Value 0.153 0.161 0.093 0.095 0.170 0.216 Mining 0.044 0.043 0.042 0.044 0.045 0.044 T-Value 2.45 2.42 2.36 2.57 2.58 2.54 P-Value 0.018 0.019 0.022 0.013 0.013 0.014 Muslim T-Value P-Value Newstate T-Value P-Value Oil T-Value P-Value Open T-Value P-Value Orthodox T-Value P-Value SecLang 0.0092 0.0087 0.0089 0.0086 0.0091 0.0108 T-Value 2.18 2.11 2.17 2.13 2.26 2.81 P-Value 0.034 0.040 0.034 0.038 0.028 0.007 PrimeEd 0.0272 0.0286 0.0297 0.0300 0.0288 0.0277 T-Value 4.26 4.79 5.14 5.23 5.13 4.94 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Inflation T-Value P-Value Inf2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 2.91 3.17 3.24 3.26 3.10 3.23 P-Value 0.005 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.002 Polrights -0.0013 -0.0008 -0.0008 T-Value -1.00 -0.77 -0.74 P-Value 0.321 0.446 0.464 Young T-Value P-Value Population 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 1.58 1.62 1.67 1.86 1.75 1.99 P-Value 0.122 0.111 0.101 0.069 0.086 0.052 Old 0.058 0.052 T-Value 0.77 0.69 P-Value 0.446 0.493 Exports T-Value P-Value Protestant 0.0114 0.0109 0.0106 0.0101 0.0087 0.0088 T-Value 1.85 1.79 1.75 1.68 1.50 1.49 P-Value 0.070 0.080 0.086 0.098 0.140 0.141 Exchange T-Value P-Value Revolution -0.0174 -0.0174 -0.0178 -0.0181 -0.0165 -0.0172 T-Value -3.11 -3.13 -3.26 -3.33 -3.16 -3.30 P-Value 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.002 Africa -0.0147 -0.0155 -0.0157 -0.0170 -0.0163 -0.0170 T-Value -2.63 -2.84 -2.90 -3.33 -3.22 -3.34 P-Value 0.011 0.006 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.002 Outward T-Value P-Value Size60 -0.0026 -0.0028 -0.0029 -0.0029 -0.0027 -0.0032 T-Value -2.02 -2.27 -2.37 -2.37 -2.27 -2.82 P-Value 0.049 0.027 0.022 0.022 0.027 0.007 Socialist T-Value P-Value Spanish 0.0060 0.0055 0.0061 0.0064 T-Value 0.94 0.87 0.96 1.02 P-Value 0.354 0.387 0.340 0.311 Totg T-Value P-Value Totr T-Value P-Value Troparea -0.0207 -0.0212 -0.0213 -0.0202 -0.0194 -0.0168 T-Value -2.98 -3.10 -3.13 -3.06 -2.96 -2.66 P-Value 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.010 Troppop T-Value P-Value Wartime T-Value P-Value Warfare T-Value P-Value Yearsopen T-Value P-Value Tropzone T-Value P-Value S 0.00789 0.00785 0.00781 0.00778 0.00778 0.00784 R-Sq 90.10 90.02 89.92 89.82 89.62 89.27 R-Sq(adj) 82.78 82.97 83.14 83.29 83.27 83.02 Mallows Cp 10.9 9.1 7.3 5.5 4.0 2.8 Step 37 38 39 40 41 42 Constant 0.1487 0.1481 0.1583 0.1599 0.1589 0.1538 Latitude -0.00029 -0.00035 -0.00031 -0.00035 -0.00040 -0.00041 T-Value -1.58 -1.94 -1.76 -1.98 -2.35 -2.33 P-Value 0.119 0.057 0.084 0.053 0.022 0.023 Distance -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 T-Value -1.94 -2.15 -1.93 -1.85 -1.77 -1.77 P-Value 0.058 0.036 0.059 0.070 0.081 0.082 Fractional 0.0028 0.0014 0.0015 0.0031 0.0030 0.0027 T-Value 0.49 0.25 0.26 0.56 0.54 0.48 P-Value 0.627 0.806 0.794 0.578 0.592 0.630 British 0.0057 0.0067 0.0062 0.0047 0.0045 0.0039 T-Value 1.84 2.25 2.10 1.71 1.62 1.39 P-Value 0.071 0.028 0.040 0.093 0.110 0.170 Buddhist 0.0128 0.0126 0.0134 0.0185 0.0180 0.0193 T-Value 1.60 1.56 1.66 2.59 2.50 2.67 P-Value 0.116 0.124 0.102 0.012 0.015 0.010 Catholic T-Value P-Value Lib72 T-Value P-Value Colony -0.0078 -0.0070 -0.0077 -0.0068 -0.0074 -0.0064 T-Value -1.97 -1.79 -2.00 -1.77 -1.91 -1.67 P-Value 0.054 0.079 0.050 0.083 0.061 0.100 Confuc 0.036 0.037 0.038 0.051 0.053 0.050 T-Value 2.34 2.41 2.47 4.14 4.27 4.05 P-Value 0.023 0.019 0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000 Density60 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 1.93 2.09 1.81 1.64 1.58 1.74 P-Value 0.059 0.041 0.076 0.106 0.119 0.086 Coastal T-Value P-Value Interior T-Value P-Value Popgrowth T-Value P-Value EAsian 0.0097 0.0093 0.0079 T-Value 1.65 1.58 1.35 P-Value 0.105 0.120 0.183 Capitalism -0.00257 -0.00251 -0.00251 -0.00237 -0.00249 -0.00253 T-Value -2.92 -2.85 -2.84 -2.68 -2.80 -2.82 P-Value 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.010 0.007 0.006 EnglishLang 0.0065 T-Value 1.11 P-Value 0.271 European T-Value P-Value Fertility T-Value P-Value Defense 0.67 0.63 0.63 0.59 0.53 T-Value 1.96 1.84 1.85 1.71 1.54 P-Value 0.055 0.071 0.070 0.093 0.129 GDP60 -0.0055 -0.0051 -0.0063 -0.0068 -0.0071 -0.0068 T-Value -2.13 -1.99 -2.64 -2.85 -2.93 -2.80 P-Value 0.037 0.051 0.011 0.006 0.005 0.007 PubEduc 0.75 0.66 0.66 0.62 0.58 0.06 T-Value 2.04 1.83 1.81 1.70 1.60 0.46 P-Value 0.047 0.072 0.075 0.095 0.115 0.650 PubInvest -0.125 -0.122 -0.115 -0.122 -0.129 -0.134 T-Value -3.87 -3.77 -3.58 -3.86 -4.07 -4.20 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 Nomshare -0.049 -0.046 -0.044 -0.037 T-Value -1.85 -1.73 -1.67 -1.42 P-Value 0.070 0.089 0.100 0.162 Govshare -0.691 -0.652 -0.668 -0.634 -0.634 -0.106 T-Value -2.02 -1.91 -1.95 -1.84 -1.83 -2.18 P-Value 0.048 0.061 0.056 0.070 0.072 0.033 Govcshare 0.651 0.611 0.625 0.586 0.574 0.047 T-Value 1.90 1.79 1.83 1.71 1.66 0.93 P-Value 0.062 0.078 0.073 0.093 0.103 0.358 HighEd -0.052 -0.044 T-Value -1.48 -1.29 P-Value 0.146 0.204 Religion T-Value P-Value Hindu T-Value P-Value InvestP -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00011 -0.00012 -0.00011 -0.00011 T-Value -5.46 -5.35 -5.24 -5.49 -5.31 -5.14 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 LatAm -0.0145 -0.0142 -0.0144 -0.0173 -0.0164 -0.0171 T-Value -3.12 -3.07 -3.08 -4.20 -3.99 -4.16 P-Value 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 Area T-Value P-Value Landlocked T-Value P-Value Hydrocarbon T-Value P-Value Life60 T-Value P-Value Navigate T-Value P-Value Malaria T-Value P-Value Mining 0.047 0.046 0.051 0.057 0.058 0.057 T-Value 2.74 2.67 3.03 3.41 3.44 3.39 P-Value 0.008 0.010 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.001 Muslim T-Value P-Value Newstate T-Value P-Value Oil T-Value P-Value Open T-Value P-Value Orthodox T-Value P-Value SecLang 0.0090 0.0076 0.0083 0.0081 0.0072 0.0079 T-Value 2.51 2.26 2.48 2.41 2.17 2.38 P-Value 0.015 0.028 0.016 0.019 0.034 0.020 PrimeEd 0.0270 0.0271 0.0261 0.0268 0.0266 0.0275 T-Value 4.81 4.82 4.66 4.79 4.71 4.86 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Inflation T-Value P-Value Inf2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 3.22 3.11 3.00 3.09 2.89 2.61 P-Value 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.005 0.011 Polrights T-Value P-Value Young T-Value P-Value Population 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 1.82 1.80 1.68 1.56 1.77 1.73 P-Value 0.075 0.078 0.098 0.123 0.082 0.088 Old T-Value P-Value Exports T-Value P-Value Protestant 0.0075 0.0095 0.0084 0.0089 0.0087 0.0074 T-Value 1.29 1.71 1.52 1.60 1.56 1.32 P-Value 0.201 0.093 0.134 0.114 0.123 0.192 Exchange T-Value P-Value Revolution -0.0171 -0.0166 -0.0175 -0.0180 -0.0167 -0.0144 T-Value -3.27 -3.18 -3.34 -3.43 -3.20 -2.85 P-Value 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.006 Africa -0.0146 -0.0151 -0.0158 -0.0191 -0.0200 -0.0193 T-Value -3.08 -3.18 -3.33 -4.70 -4.93 -4.74 P-Value 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 Outward T-Value P-Value Size60 -0.0030 -0.0030 -0.0032 -0.0030 -0.0027 -0.0026 T-Value -2.65 -2.62 -2.80 -2.64 -2.41 -2.29 P-Value 0.011 0.011 0.007 0.010 0.019 0.026 Socialist T-Value P-Value Spanish T-Value P-Value Totg T-Value P-Value Totr T-Value P-Value Troparea -0.0140 -0.0152 -0.0134 -0.0124 -0.0146 -0.0152 T-Value -2.36 -2.58 -2.34 -2.17 -2.62 -2.71 P-Value 0.022 0.012 0.023 0.034 0.011 0.009 Troppop T-Value P-Value Wartime T-Value P-Value Warfare T-Value P-Value Yearsopen T-Value P-Value Tropzone T-Value P-Value S 0.00788 0.00789 0.00794 0.00799 0.00806 0.00815 R-Sq 88.96 88.72 88.39 88.02 87.62 87.13 R-Sq(adj) 82.85 82.78 82.58 82.34 82.05 81.65 Mallows Cp 1.5 0.1 -1.2 -2.3 -3.4 -4.3 Step 43 44 45 46 47 48 Constant 0.1564 0.1518 0.1521 0.1461 0.1415 0.1274 Latitude -0.00041 -0.00038 -0.00037 -0.00032 -0.00030 -0.00022 T-Value -2.36 -2.24 -2.20 -1.97 -1.83 -1.37 P-Value 0.022 0.029 0.031 0.054 0.072 0.176 Distance -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 -0.00000 T-Value -1.95 -1.79 -1.60 -2.01 -1.75 -1.47 P-Value 0.056 0.078 0.114 0.049 0.085 0.145 Fractional 0.0029 0.0040 0.0050 0.0044 0.0038 0.0018 T-Value 0.51 0.73 0.92 0.81 0.71 0.34 P-Value 0.613 0.466 0.362 0.419 0.483 0.736 British 0.0039 0.0034 T-Value 1.40 1.26 P-Value 0.168 0.212 Buddhist 0.0201 0.0209 0.0222 0.0241 0.0246 0.0226 T-Value 2.88 3.04 3.23 3.62 3.68 3.40 P-Value 0.005 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.001 Catholic T-Value P-Value Lib72 T-Value P-Value Colony -0.0059 -0.0060 -0.0037 T-Value -1.62 -1.64 -1.17 P-Value 0.111 0.105 0.247 Confuc 0.050 0.049 0.051 0.052 0.053 0.053 T-Value 4.06 4.02 4.16 4.26 4.30 4.27 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Density60 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 T-Value 1.73 1.71 1.55 1.40 P-Value 0.089 0.092 0.125 0.165 Coastal T-Value P-Value Interior T-Value P-Value Popgrowth T-Value P-Value EAsian T-Value P-Value Capitalism -0.00262 -0.00255 -0.00238 -0.00234 -0.00221 -0.00198 T-Value -3.01 -2.95 -2.77 -2.72 -2.57 -2.31 P-Value 0.004 0.005 0.007 0.008 0.012 0.024 EnglishLang T-Value P-Value European T-Value P-Value Fertility T-Value P-Value Defense T-Value P-Value GDP60 -0.0067 -0.0065 -0.0066 -0.0069 -0.0061 -0.0047 T-Value -2.79 -2.72 -2.76 -2.89 -2.61 -2.14 P-Value 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.005 0.011 0.036 PubEduc T-Value P-Value PubInvest -0.136 -0.137 -0.136 -0.137 -0.140 -0.130 T-Value -4.36 -4.39 -4.34 -4.39 -4.45 -4.16 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Nomshare T-Value P-Value Govshare -0.099 -0.063 -0.067 -0.064 -0.061 -0.060 T-Value -2.17 -3.85 -4.12 -3.98 -3.78 -3.68 P-Value 0.034 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Govcshare 0.040 T-Value 0.83 P-Value 0.410 HighEd T-Value P-Value Religion T-Value P-Value Hindu T-Value P-Value InvestP -0.00011 -0.00011 -0.00011 -0.00012 -0.00012 -0.00011 T-Value -5.15 -5.20 -5.24 -5.58 -5.55 -5.27 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 LatAm -0.0172 -0.0163 -0.0174 -0.0175 -0.0179 -0.0180 T-Value -4.21 -4.15 -4.51 -4.53 -4.61 -4.58 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Area T-Value P-Value Landlocked T-Value P-Value Hydrocarbon T-Value P-Value Life60 T-Value P-Value Navigate T-Value P-Value Malaria T-Value P-Value Mining 0.058 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.069 0.067 T-Value 3.45 3.40 3.40 3.40 4.65 4.49 P-Value 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 Muslim T-Value P-Value Newstate T-Value P-Value Oil T-Value P-Value Open T-Value P-Value Orthodox T-Value P-Value SecLang 0.0077 0.0074 0.0074 0.0070 0.0075 0.0051 T-Value 2.35 2.27 2.27 2.14 2.31 1.75 P-Value 0.022 0.026 0.026 0.036 0.024 0.084 PrimeEd 0.0282 0.0269 0.0272 0.0274 0.0258 0.0251 T-Value 5.18 5.18 5.22 5.24 5.02 4.84 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Inflation T-Value P-Value Inf2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 2.68 2.62 2.49 2.44 2.43 2.14 P-Value 0.009 0.011 0.015 0.017 0.018 0.036 Polrights T-Value P-Value Young T-Value P-Value Population 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 1.75 1.74 1.89 1.66 1.70 1.68 P-Value 0.085 0.087 0.063 0.101 0.094 0.098 Old T-Value P-Value Exports T-Value P-Value Protestant 0.0078 0.0069 0.0084 0.0083 0.0085 T-Value 1.43 1.30 1.60 1.58 1.60 P-Value 0.158 0.199 0.114 0.118 0.114 Exchange T-Value P-Value Revolution -0.0146 -0.0155 -0.0161 -0.0153 -0.0148 -0.0145 T-Value -2.94 -3.19 -3.31 -3.18 -3.05 -2.96 P-Value 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.004 Africa -0.0191 -0.0190 -0.0191 -0.0179 -0.0174 -0.0176 T-Value -4.75 -4.72 -4.73 -4.57 -4.42 -4.43 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Outward T-Value P-Value Size60 -0.0027 -0.0027 -0.0027 -0.0025 -0.0026 -0.0025 T-Value -2.48 -2.47 -2.49 -2.28 -2.43 -2.33 P-Value 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.026 0.018 0.023 Socialist T-Value P-Value Spanish T-Value P-Value Totg T-Value P-Value Totr T-Value P-Value Troparea -0.0158 -0.0145 -0.0150 -0.0148 -0.0142 -0.0117 T-Value -2.91 -2.79 -2.88 -2.85 -2.72 -2.32 P-Value 0.005 0.007 0.005 0.006 0.008 0.023 Troppop T-Value P-Value Wartime T-Value P-Value Warfare T-Value P-Value Yearsopen T-Value P-Value Tropzone T-Value P-Value S 0.00810 0.00808 0.00811 0.00814 0.00820 0.00829 R-Sq 87.09 86.94 86.61 86.33 85.91 85.37 R-Sq(adj) 81.88 81.97 81.80 81.70 81.43 81.00 Mallows Cp -6.2 -7.8 -9.1 -10.4 -11.4 -12.2 Step 49 50 51 52 53 54 Constant 0.11967 0.11099 0.10274 0.09011 0.08721 0.08355 Latitude T-Value P-Value Distance -0.00000 T-Value -1.07 P-Value 0.288 Fractional 0.0036 0.0029 0.0028 0.0010 0.0019 0.0004 T-Value 0.70 0.57 0.54 0.20 0.39 0.08 P-Value 0.488 0.574 0.590 0.845 0.701 0.934 British T-Value P-Value Buddhist 0.0242 0.0233 0.0225 0.0216 0.0222 0.0218 T-Value 3.67 3.56 3.40 3.27 3.36 3.28 P-Value 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 Catholic T-Value P-Value Lib72 T-Value P-Value Colony T-Value P-Value Confuc 0.054 0.055 0.055 0.056 0.056 0.056 T-Value 4.31 4.48 4.38 4.43 4.43 4.39 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Density60 T-Value P-Value Coastal T-Value P-Value Interior T-Value P-Value Popgrowth T-Value P-Value EAsian T-Value P-Value Capitalism -0.00192 -0.00179 -0.00167 -0.00135 -0.00120 T-Value -2.22 -2.09 -1.94 -1.62 -1.46 P-Value 0.030 0.040 0.056 0.110 0.150 EnglishLang T-Value P-Value European T-Value P-Value Fertility T-Value P-Value Defense T-Value P-Value GDP60 -0.0053 -0.0050 -0.0063 -0.0074 -0.0073 -0.0076 T-Value -2.49 -2.34 -3.21 -4.19 -4.12 -4.31 P-Value 0.015 0.022 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 PubEduc T-Value P-Value PubInvest -0.126 -0.126 -0.129 -0.122 -0.119 -0.101 T-Value -4.03 -4.04 -4.08 -3.89 -3.80 -3.48 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 Nomshare T-Value P-Value Govshare -0.060 -0.058 -0.051 -0.048 -0.046 -0.043 T-Value -3.68 -3.59 -3.26 -3.05 -2.96 -2.75 P-Value 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.008 Govcshare T-Value P-Value HighEd T-Value P-Value Religion T-Value P-Value Hindu T-Value P-Value InvestP -0.00010 -0.00010 -0.00011 -0.00011 -0.00010 -0.00009 T-Value -5.07 -5.00 -5.17 -5.09 -4.98 -4.73 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 LatAm -0.0173 -0.0179 -0.0176 -0.0163 -0.0147 -0.0147 T-Value -4.41 -4.63 -4.50 -4.27 -4.15 -4.11 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Area T-Value P-Value Landlocked T-Value P-Value Hydrocarbon T-Value P-Value Life60 T-Value P-Value Navigate T-Value P-Value Malaria T-Value P-Value Mining 0.066 0.064 0.066 0.067 0.066 0.060 T-Value 4.42 4.32 4.38 4.44 4.36 4.10 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Muslim T-Value P-Value Newstate T-Value P-Value Oil T-Value P-Value Open T-Value P-Value Orthodox T-Value P-Value SecLang 0.0062 0.0067 0.0062 0.0064 0.0067 0.0068 T-Value 2.23 2.40 2.24 2.27 2.41 2.40 P-Value 0.029 0.019 0.028 0.026 0.019 0.019 PrimeEd 0.0248 0.0239 0.0246 0.0247 0.0252 0.0247 T-Value 4.77 4.65 4.75 4.74 4.86 4.72 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Inflation T-Value P-Value Inf2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 1.90 1.59 1.45 1.13 P-Value 0.061 0.116 0.150 0.263 Polrights T-Value P-Value Young T-Value P-Value Population 0.00000 0.00000 T-Value 1.67 1.55 P-Value 0.099 0.126 Old T-Value P-Value Exports T-Value P-Value Protestant T-Value P-Value Exchange T-Value P-Value Revolution -0.0141 -0.0133 -0.0139 -0.0138 -0.0118 -0.0100 T-Value -2.86 -2.73 -2.84 -2.81 -2.57 -2.25 P-Value 0.006 0.008 0.006 0.006 0.012 0.028 Africa -0.0176 -0.0188 -0.0189 -0.0171 -0.0164 -0.0164 T-Value -4.41 -4.89 -4.87 -4.65 -4.52 -4.48 P-Value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Outward T-Value P-Value Size60 -0.00244 -0.00220 -0.00114 T-Value -2.23 -2.05 -1.37 P-Value 0.029 0.044 0.176 Socialist T-Value P-Value Spanish T-Value P-Value Totg T-Value P-Value Totr T-Value P-Value Troparea -0.0067 -0.0064 -0.0060 -0.0052 -0.0061 -0.0052 T-Value -1.93 -1.85 -1.73 -1.51 -1.81 -1.57 P-Value 0.058 0.068 0.088 0.136 0.074 0.120 Troppop T-Value P-Value Wartime T-Value P-Value Warfare T-Value P-Value Yearsopen T-Value P-Value Tropzone T-Value P-Value S 0.00834 0.00835 0.00844 0.00849 0.00850 0.00857 R-Sq 84.96 84.70 84.17 83.75 83.46 82.97 R-Sq(adj) 80.76 80.71 80.33 80.09 80.01 79.71 Mallows Cp -13.2 -14.7 -15.4 -16.4 -17.8 -18.6 Step 55 Constant 0.07945 Latitude T-Value P-Value Distance T-Value P-Value Fractional -0.0024 T-Value -0.51 P-Value 0.611 British T-Value P-Value Buddhist 0.0179 T-Value 2.87 P-Value 0.005 Catholic T-Value P-Value Lib72 T-Value P-Value Colony T-Value P-Value Confuc 0.054 T-Value 4.26 P-Value 0.000 Density60 T-Value P-Value Coastal T-Value P-Value Interior T-Value P-Value Popgrowth T-Value P-Value EAsian T-Value P-Value Capitalism T-Value P-Value EnglishLang T-Value P-Value European T-Value P-Value Fertility T-Value P-Value Defense T-Value P-Value GDP60 -0.0072 T-Value -4.08 P-Value 0.000 PubEduc T-Value P-Value PubInvest -0.097 T-Value -3.30 P-Value 0.001 Nomshare T-Value P-Value Govshare -0.042 T-Value -2.69 P-Value 0.009 Govcshare T-Value P-Value HighEd T-Value P-Value Religion T-Value P-Value Hindu T-Value P-Value InvestP -0.00010 T-Value -4.76 P-Value 0.000 LatAm -0.0182 T-Value -6.46 P-Value 0.000 Area T-Value P-Value Landlocked T-Value P-Value Hydrocarbon T-Value P-Value Life60 T-Value P-Value Navigate T-Value P-Value Malaria T-Value P-Value Mining 0.057 T-Value 3.89 P-Value 0.000 Muslim T-Value P-Value Newstate T-Value P-Value Oil T-Value P-Value Open T-Value P-Value Orthodox T-Value P-Value SecLang 0.0069 T-Value 2.41 P-Value 0.018 PrimeEd 0.0253 T-Value 4.82 P-Value 0.000 Inflation T-Value P-Value Inf2 T-Value P-Value Polrights T-Value P-Value Young T-Value P-Value Population T-Value P-Value Old T-Value P-Value Exports T-Value P-Value Protestant T-Value P-Value Exchange T-Value P-Value Revolution -0.0096 T-Value -2.14 P-Value 0.036 Africa -0.0182 T-Value -5.19 P-Value 0.000 Outward T-Value P-Value Size60 T-Value P-Value Socialist T-Value P-Value Spanish T-Value P-Value Totg T-Value P-Value Totr T-Value P-Value Troparea T-Value P-Value Troppop T-Value P-Value Wartime T-Value P-Value Warfare T-Value P-Value Yearsopen T-Value P-Value Tropzone T-Value P-Value S 0.00865 R-Sq 82.39 R-Sq(adj) 79.30 Mallows Cp -19.3