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“The book continues its legacy of high-quality, pertinent reviews of the relevant literature and immediately useful summaries for clinical practice. This is the best source of information currently available on the assessment of feigned cognitive impairment in both its comprehensiveness and usefulness. It is a must-have book for practicing neuropsychologists. *****!”

—Doody’s Review Service


“Boone has delivered a single, invaluable resource for cutting-edge information about assessing feigned cognitive impairment. In the second edition of this essential resource, a dream team of contributors survey the literature in this burgeoning field. The 29 chapters provide up-to-date, in-depth coverage of the research available to guide use of PVTs and SVTs with the broad range of populations that neuropsychologists assess. The second edition of this neuropsychology classic will be of interest to graduate students, interns, and fellows, as well as seasoned investigators and clinicians.”

—Yossef S. Ben-Porath, PhD, ABPP, Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University


“Boone's decades of clinical and forensic assessment experience, scholarly research, and test development are paying enormous dividends to the profession. With an outstanding cadre of chapter authors, Boone has brilliantly updated one of the most important volumes in forensic neuropsychology. This book is required reading for neuropsychologists new to forensic practice as well as for career professionals. It is an essential reference for those who want to conduct assessments and form opinions with a solid empirical basis. New and updated chapters provide a look in the rearview mirror at where the field has been, and a look to where we need to go in the future.”

—Joel E. Morgan, PhD, ABPP-CN, independent practice, Morristown, New Jersey


“Boone and her colleagues are at the forefront of detecting the exaggeration of symptoms and impairments for secondary gain, a growing area in neuropsychology over the last 30 years. This expanded second edition provides the latest research findings and assessment techniques to help practitioners carefully evaluate patients to identify those with legitimate impairments. This is a valuable book for clinician-scientists who conduct forensic evaluations and/or teach graduate neuropsychological assessment courses. It furthers the discussion of unique dilemmas and continuing legal reforms related to expert testimony and evidence law.”

—Paul M. Kaufmann, JD, PhD, ABPP, Senior Attorney, University of Texas System; private practice in forensic neuropsychology, San Antonio


“The first edition of this work has been a staple reference book for clinical neuropsychologists for more than a dozen years. The second edition is not merely an update, but reflects the reconceptualization and evolution of performance validity testing across the vast corpus of scientific literature that has accumulated in neuropsychology. This comprehensive guide covers research methodology, detection of feigned responses across multiple cognitive domains, and considerations for specific clinical populations. The volume is invaluable for any clinical neuropsychologist, as well as for graduate students and trainees learning the nuances of the assessment of test validity—the bedrock of accurate test interpretation—in clinical and forensic practice.”

—Bernice A. Marcopulos, PhD, ABPP, Department of Graduate Psychology (Emeritus), James Madison University

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Table of Contents

I. Performance and Symptom Validity Tests

1. Clinician’s Guide to Navigating Performance Validity Testing, Maria E. Cottingham

2. Design Methods in Neuropsychological Performance Validity, Symptom Validity, and Malingering Research, Ryan W. Schroeder, Kyle Brauer Boone, & Glenn J. Larrabee

3. Forced-Choice Performance Validity Tests, Ryan W. Schroeder & Phillip K. Martin

4. Alternatives to Forced-Choice Performance Validity Tests, Stephen R. Nitch, Alexis S. Rosen, Laurel A. Mattos, Scott Roye, & David M. Glassmire

5. Intelligence Tests as Performance Validity Measures, Natalie Sobel, Talin Babikian, & Kyle Brauer Boone

6. Performance Validity Tests in Cognitive Screening Instruments and Computerized Assessment Tools, Patrick Armistead-Jehle & Robert D. Shura

7. Embedded Performance Validity Scores in Standard Memory Tests, Bradley N. Axelrod, Justin B. Miller, & Jennifer LaBuda

8. Validity Indicators within Executive Function Measures: Use and Limits in Detection of Response Validity, Nathaniel W. Nelson, Catherine Lee, & Jerry J. Sweet

9. Motor and Sensory Tests as Measures of Performance Validity, Ginger Arnold & Kyle Brauer Boone

10. The Use of Visual Spatial Performance Validity Tests in Detecting Noncredible Performance, Douglas M. Whiteside, Lauren E. Piper, Michael R. Basso, & Kyle Brauer Boone

11. Information Processing Speed Tests as Performance Validity Tests, Laszlo A. Erdodi & Jonathan D. Lichtenstein

12. Language Tests as Performance Validity Tests, Phillip K. Martin & Ryan W. Schroeder

13. Effects of Premorbid Ability, Neuropsychological Impairment, and Invalid Test Performance on the Frequency of Low Scores, Martin L. Rohling, Jennifer Langhinrichsen-Rohling, & John E. Meyers

14. Interpretation of Data from Multiple Performance Validity Tests, Jeremy J. Davis

15. Using the MMPI-2-RF as an Aid in the Detection of Noncredible Neurocognitive Presentations, Maria E. Cottingham, Kyle Brauer Boone, Hope E. Goldberg, Tara L. Victor, Michelle A. Zeller, Medina R. Baumgart, J. Brandon Birath, & Matthew J. Wright

16. Utility of the Personality Assessment Inventory in Evaluating Symptom Validity in the Context of Neuropsychological Evaluation, Owen J. Gaasedelen, Douglas M. Whiteside, & Kyle Brauer Boone

II. Use of Performance Validity Tests in Various Populations

17. Base Rates of Feigned Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Kyle Brauer Boone, Pavel Litvin, & Tara L. Victor

18. Noncredible Presentations in Neuropsychological Assessment of Pain- and Fatigue-Related Disorders: Clinical and Research Implications, Julie A. Suhr & Andrew Bryant

19. The Impact of Psychotic, Depressive, Bipolar, Obsessive–Compulsive, and Anxiety Disorders on Performance Validity Test Results, Hope E. Goldberg & J. Brandon Birath

20. Performance Validity in Somatoform/Conversion Disorders, Factitious Disorder, and Malingering: Do We Need a New Diagnostic Schema?, Kyle Brauer Boone

21. Identification of Feigned Intellectual Disability, Tara L. Victor & Kyle Brauer Boone

22. Performance Validity Testing in Patients with Dementia, Kirsty E. Bortnik & Andy C. Dean

23. Performance Validity Tests in the Epilepsy Clinic, Daniel L. Drane, David J. Williamson, Kelsey Hewitt, & Taylor Jordan

24. Use of Performance Validity Tests and Symptom Validity Tests in Assessment of Specific Learning Disorders and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Allyson G. Harrison, Grace Jin Lee, & Julie A. Suhr

25. Toxic Mold Syndrome and Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: The Continued Search for a Causal Link to Neuropsychological Functioning, Robert J. McCaffrey & Julie K. Lynch

26. The Use of Performance Validity Tests in Ethnic-Minority and Non-English-Dominant Populations, Xavier F. Salazar, Po H. Lu, & Kyle Brauer Boone

27. Performance/Symptom Validity Test Use with Active Duty Service Members and Veterans, Patrick Armistead-Jehle, Douglas B. Cooper, Heather G. Belanger, Jason R. Soble, & Nathanial W. Nelson

28. Validity Assessment in Pediatric Populations, Alison M. Colbert, Emily C. Maxwell, & Michael W. Kirkwood

29. Assessment of Feigned Cognitive Impairment in Criminal Forensic Neuropsychological Settings, Robert L. Denney & Rachel L. Fazio

Index

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About the Editor

Kyle Brauer Boone, PhD, ABPP, ABCN, has a private practice in Torrance, California, and is Clinical Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at the University of California, Los Angeles. She has published six books and over 125 peer-reviewed research articles, including many in the area of development and validation of tests to detect feigned cognitive symptoms. She has also published two tests used to assess for performance validity on neuropsychological exams: the b Test and the Dot Counting Test. Dr. Boone served on the committee that developed the practice guidelines for clinical neuropsychology published by the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology in 2007, and she was an invited attendee of the 25-member consensus conference that developed the practice guidelines for the use of neurocognitive performance validity tests published by the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology in 2009 and updated in 2021. She is board certified through the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology, is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association, and is the 2020 recipient of the Ralph M. Reitan Award for Clinical Excellence from the National Academy of Neuropsychology.

• Author's website
• All titles by Kyle Brauer Boone

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Contributors

Patrick Armistead-Jehle, PhD, Concussion Clinic, Munson Army Health Center, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas

Ginger Arnold, PhD, Integrated Neuropsychology, PC, Evergreen, Colorado

Bradley N. Axelrod, PhD, Psychology Section, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan

Talin Babikian, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and UCLA BrainSPORT Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

Michael Basso, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota

Medina Baumgart, PsyD, Psychological Services Bureau, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Office, Los Angeles, California

Heather Belanger, PhD, Special Operations Command, Surgeon General’s Office, and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida

J. Brandon Birath, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences,

David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

Kyle Brauer Boone, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences,

David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

Kirsty E. Bortnik, PhD, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, California

Andrew Bryant, MS, Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio

Alison M. Colbert, PhD, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Children’s Hospital

Colorado, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado

Douglas B. Cooper, PhD, San Antonio VA Polytrauma Rehabilitation Center, and Departments of Psychiatry and Rehabilitation Medicine,

University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas

Maria Easter Cottingham, PhD, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee

Jeremy J. Davis, PsyD, Department of Neurology, University of Texas

Health Science Center at San Antonio, and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, Texas

Andy C. Dean, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

Robert L. Denney, PsyD, Missouri Memory Center, Citizens Memorial Healthcare, Bolivar, Missouri

Daniel Drane, PhD, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington

Laszlo Attila Erdodi, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada

Rachel L. Fazio, PsyD, private practice, Little Rock, Arkansas

Owen Gaasedelen, PhD, Mental Health Department, Raymond G. Murphy VA Medical Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico

David Glassmire, PhD, Department of Psychology, Patton State Hospital, Patton, California

Hope E. Goldberg, PhD, private practice, Pasadena, California

Allyson G. Harrison, PhD, Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Kelsey Hewitt, PsyD, Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia

Taylor Jordan, BA, Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia

Michael W. Kirkwood, PhD, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,

University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado

Jennifer Aileen LaBuda, PhD, Psychology Section, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan

Jennifer Langhinrichsen-Rohling, PhD, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina

Glenn J. Larrabee PhD, private practice, Sarasota, Florida

Catherine Lee, PhD, Neurological Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio

Grace J. Lee, MS, Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio

Jonathan D. Lichtenstein, PsyD, Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, and the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire

Pavel Litvin, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychology Division,

Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California

Po H. Lu, PsyD, Executive Mental Health, Los Angeles, California

Julie K. Lynch, PhD, Albany Neuropsychological Associates, Albany, New York

Phillip K. Martin, PhD, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas School of Medicine–Wichita, Wichita, Kansas

Laurel A. Mattos, PhD, Department of Psychology, Patton State Hospital, Patton, California

Emily C. Maxwell, PhD, private practice, New Peaks Neuropsychology,

Boulder, Colorado

Robert J. McCaffrey, PhD, Albany Neuropsychological Associates, Albany, New York

John E. Meyers, PsyD, private practice, Nokomis, Florida

Justin B. Miller, PhD, Department of Neuropsychology, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, Nevada

Nathaniel William Nelson, PhD, Graduate School of Professional Psychology, University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Stephen R. Nitch, PhD, Department of Psychology, Patton State Hospital, Patton, California

Lauren E. Piper, PhD, Department of Psychology, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois

Martin Rohling, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama

Alexis S. Rosen, PhD, Department of Psychology, Patton State Hospital, Patton, California

Scott Roye, PhD, Department of Psychology, Patton State Hospital, Patton, California

Xavier F. Salazar, PsyD, private practice, Los Angeles, California

Ryan W. Schroeder, PsyD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas School of Medicine–Wichita, Wichita, Kansas

Robert D. Shura, PsyD, VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Research and Academic Affairs Service Line,

Hefner VA Medical Center, Salisbury, North Carolina; Department of Neurology,

Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina

Natalie Sobel, PsyD, private practice, Santa Clarita, California

Jason R. Soble, PhD, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois

Julie A. Suhr, PhD, Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio

Jerry J. Sweet, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois

Tara L. Victor, PhD, Psychology Department, California State University,

Dominguez Hills, Carson, California

Douglas M. Whiteside, PhD, LP, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota

David Williamson, PhD, Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, and Department of Psychiatry, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama; Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia–Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia

Matthew J. Wright, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California

Michelle A. Zeller, PsyD, Mental Health Department, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California

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Audience

Neuropsychologists and clinical and forensic psychologists.

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Course Use

May serve as a text in graduate-level courses.

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Previous editions published by Guilford:

First Edition, © 2007
ISBN: 9781593854645

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New to this edition:

• Numerous new authors, a greatly expanded range of topics, and the latest data throughout.
• "Clinical primer" chapter on how to select and interpret appropriate PVTs.
• Chapters on methods for validity testing in visual spatial, processing speed, and language domains and with cognitive screening instruments and personality inventories.
• Chapter on methods for interpreting multiple PVTs in combination.
• Chapters on additional populations (military personnel, children and adolescents) and clinical problems (dementia, somatoform/conversion disorder).
• Chapters on research methods for validating PVTs, base rates of feigned mild traumatic brain injury, and more.